Indogulf BioAg is a Manufacturer & Global Exporter of Nematicides, Serratia Marcescens, Pochonia Chlamydosporia, verticillum & other Bacterias. Contact us @ +1 437 774 3831 < Microbial Species Bionematicides Bionematicides are innovative biological agents designed to control plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in agricultural soils. These products work by targeting nematodes ( i.e root knot nematodes) directly or improving the resilience of crops against nematode attacks. By protecting plant roots, bionematicides help enhance crop health, boost yields, and promote sustainable farming practices. Unlike traditional chemical nematicides, bionematicides are derived from naturally occurring microorganisms—such as nematophagous fungi and beneficial bacteria—or bioactive compounds from plants and microbes. These agents offer an eco-friendly, residue-free alternative, making them a vital part of modern integrated pest management (IPM) systems. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Bionematicides are advanced biological agents designed to control plant-parasitic nematodes, protecting crops and improving yields. Made from proprietary strains of fungi and bacteria, these eco-friendly solutions reduce chemical dependency, promote soil health, and provide sustainable, long-term pest management through mechanisms like parasitism, predation, and induced plant resistance. Perfect for integrated pest management systems, they ensure effective and environmentally safe nematode control. Why is it important 1. Environmental Safety Non-toxic to humans, animals, and non-target organisms, including beneficial soil microbes, insects, and earthworms. Biodegradable, leaving no harmful residues in the environment. Supports eco-conscious farming practices by reducing chemical inputs and their associated risks. 2. Soil Health Promotion Enhances soil biodiversity by fostering the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Restores soil structure and promotes nutrient cycling, reversing the damage caused by chemical nematicides. Strengthens the rhizosphere, enabling plants to thrive in nematode-prone soils. 3. Resistance Management Deploys multiple biological modes of action, such as parasitism, predation, and enzymatic activity, reducing the likelihood of nematode resistance. Adaptive solutions ensure sustained efficacy even under changing environmental conditions. 4. Cost-Effective and Sustainable Reduces reliance on expensive synthetic nematicides by offering a long-lasting and scalable solution. Aligns with consumer demand for chemical-free, organic produce while maintaining farm profitability. How it works Bionematicides target nematodes through diverse biological mechanisms that disrupt their life cycle and protect plant roots: 1. Predation Mechanism : Predatory fungi and nematophagous bacteria actively hunt and consume nematodes, reducing their populations in the soil. Example : Paecilomyces lilacinus traps nematode eggs and juveniles, digesting their contents to halt infestations. 2. Parasitism Mechanism : Certain fungi and bacteria attach to nematodes or penetrate their bodies, releasing enzymes and toxins that suppress development or reproduction. Example : Pochonia chlamydosporia colonizes nematode eggs, degrading their protective layers to prevent hatching. 3. Antagonism Mechanism : Beneficial microbes compete with nematodes for resources or release nematicidal compounds that inhibit nematode growth and reproduction. Example : Serratia marcescens produces protease enzymes that disrupt nematode cuticles and lifecycle stages. 4. Induced Plant Resistance Mechanism : Bionematicides stimulate systemic resistance in plants, activating natural defense pathways to withstand nematode infections. Example : Bacillus thuringiensis primes plants for stronger immune responses while producing Cry proteins that target nematodes directly. FAQ Content coming soon! Bionematicides Our Products Explore our range of premium Bionematicides tailored to meet your agricultural needs, offering natural and sustainable solutions for nematode control in your crops. Paecilomyces lilacinus Paecilomyces Lilacinus is a versatile biological agent employed as both a nematicide and seed treatment. It effectively targets and controls parasitic nematodes in agriculture. View Species Pochonia chlamydosporia Pochonia Chlamydosporia is a beneficial fungus effective against parasitic nematodes. It colonizes nematode eggs, preventing their development, offering sustainable pest control solutions. View Species Serratia marcescens Serratia marcescens is a highly adaptable Gram-negative bacterium renowned for its diverse metabolic capabilities and significant applications across environmental sustainability, agriculture, and biotechnology. This remarkable microorganism is characterized by its ability to produce prodigiosin, a vibrant red pigment, and its effectiveness in promoting plant health and bioremediating various pollutants. View Species Verticillium chlamydosporium Verticillium Chlamydosporium: Biological nematicide with enzyme action, sustainable pest management without environmental residue. View Species Resources Read all

Paracoccus Denitrificans is a beneficial bacteria that is known for its nitrate reducing properties by its ability of converting nitrate to nitrogen gas. < Microbial Species Denitrification Denitrification is a complex microbial process that plays a central role in the nitrogen cycle, facilitating the transformation of nitrates (NO₃⁻) and nitrites (NO₂⁻) into gaseous forms such as nitrogen gas (N₂), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrous oxide (N₂O). This reduction process is carried out predominantly by facultative anaerobic bacteria under oxygen-limited (anoxic) conditions. The pathway involves multiple enzymatic steps mediated by specialized enzymes, each catalyzing a specific reduction reaction: Nitrate reductase (Nar or Nap): Reduces nitrate (NO₃⁻) to nitrite (NO₂⁻). Nitrite reductase (Nir): Converts nitrite to nitric oxide (NO). Nitric oxide reductase (Nor): Reduces NO to nitrous oxide (N₂O). Nitrous oxide reductase (Nos): Converts N₂O to dinitrogen gas (N₂), completing the process. Product Enquiry What Why How Additional Info FAQ What it is Denitrification is a critical microbial process in the nitrogen cycle where nitrate (NO₃⁻) is reduced to nitrogen gas (N₂) or nitrous oxide (N₂O), returning nitrogen to the atmosphere. This transformation, primarily facilitated by specialized bacteria under low oxygen (anoxic) conditions, plays a pivotal role in mitigating nitrogen pollution, reducing nitrate leaching, and improving water quality. This process occurs naturally in saturated soils, wetlands, and waterlogged areas but has become essential in engineered systems like wastewater treatment plants to manage excess nitrogen from agricultural, industrial, and municipal effluents. Why is it important Environmental Benefits Prevents eutrophication caused by nitrogen-rich runoff, which depletes oxygen in aquatic ecosystems and triggers harmful algal blooms. Mitigates groundwater contamination by reducing nitrate levels, ensuring safe drinking water. Agricultural and Industrial Applications Helps maintain soil health by balancing nitrogen levels, ensuring sustained crop productivity. Reduces the environmental impact of nitrogen-rich effluents from industries like food processing, textiles, and pharmaceuticals. The Science Behind Denitrification Denitrification is a multi-step process where bacteria use nitrate as an electron acceptor in the absence of oxygen, reducing it sequentially through: Nitrate (NO₃⁻) → Nitrite (NO₂⁻) → Nitric Oxide (NO) → Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) → Nitrogen Gas (N₂) Key enzymes involved include: Nitrate Reductase (Nar): Converts nitrate to nitrite. Nitrite Reductase (Nir): Reduces nitrite to nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide Reductase (Nor): Converts nitric oxide to nitrous oxide. Nitrous Oxide Reductase (Nos): Final step to nitrogen gas. Factors Influencing Denitrification Oxygen Levels : Requires anoxic conditions but is sensitive to oxygen interference. Organic Carbon Availability : Serves as an energy source for bacteria. Organic amendments or endogenous carbon sources are crucial. Temperature : Optimal bacterial activity occurs between 20–30°C, but certain strains function in wider ranges. pH : Ideal range is 6.5–8.0; deviations reduce efficiency. Carbon-to-Nitrogen Ratio (C/N) : Higher ratios improve denitrification rates. How it works Denitrification is a multi-step microbial process where nitrates (NO₃⁻) are sequentially reduced to nitrogen gas (N₂) or nitrous oxide (N₂O), effectively removing nitrogen from soil or water systems. This process is carried out under anoxic (oxygen-limited) conditions and involves specialized bacteria that utilize nitrate as an alternative electron acceptor. Here is how the process works: Sequential Reduction Steps The denitrification process involves the stepwise reduction of nitrate: Nitrate (NO₃⁻) is reduced to Nitrite (NO₂⁻) by the enzyme Nitrate Reductase . Nitrite (NO₂⁻) is further reduced to Nitric Oxide (NO) by Nitrite Reductase . Nitric Oxide (NO) is converted to Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) by Nitric Oxide Reductase . Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) is finally reduced to Nitrogen Gas (N₂) by Nitrous Oxide Reductase , completing the process. Role of Denitrifying Bacteria Denitrification is facilitated by a diverse group of bacteria, including: Pseudomonas spp . , Paracoccus denitrificans , and Thiobacillus denitrificans : Facultative anaerobes that dominate under anoxic conditions. Bacillus spp . and other facultative anaerobes capable of switching between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism based on oxygen availability. These bacteria thrive in environments with limited oxygen, such as waterlogged soils, wetlands, and the anoxic zones of wastewater treatment systems. FAQ Content coming soon! Additional Info What bacteria are involved in denitrification? Denitrification is carried out by a diverse group of facultative anaerobic bacteria that can switch between using oxygen and nitrates for respiration. The most important denitrifying bacteria include: pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Pseudomonas species These are the dominant bacterial genus in most denitrifying systems. Key species include: frontiersin+1 Pseudomonas stutzeri - The most widely studied and distributed denitrifying bacterium pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Pseudomonas mendocina and Pseudomonas putid a - Common in both aquatic and soil environments nature Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Known for its high denitrification efficiency sciencedirect Other important denitrifying bacteria include: Paracoccus denitrificans - A model organism for denitrification research pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Alcaligenes species - Marine and terrestrial denitrifiers patents.google Bacillus species - Soil-dwelling facultative anaerobes wikipedia Thiobacillus denitrificans - Specialized for sulfur-based denitrification Rheinheimera, Ochrobactrum, and Gemmobacter species - Found in aquatic systems nature These bacteria are found naturally in soils, sediments, groundwater, and wastewater treatment systems where they play crucial roles in nitrogen cycling. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Pseudomonas denitrifying bacteria? Yes, Pseudomonas is one of the most important groups of denitrifying bacteria. Multiple Pseudomonas species are well-documented denitrifiers: pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Pseudomonas stutzeri is considered a model organism for denitrification studies and is widely distributed in environmental systems pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Pseudomonas mendocina and Pseudomonas putida are dominant culturable aerobic denitrifiers in river systems nature Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been used to develop high-efficiency denitrifying consortia for wastewater treatment sciencedirect Pseudomonas bacteria contain all the necessary genes for complete denitrification, including napA (nitrate reductase), narG (nitrate reductase), nirS (nitrite reductase), norB (nitric oxide reductase), and nosZ (nitrous oxide reductase). They are particularly valuable because they can perform heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, making them effective for nitrogen removal even in oxygen-present conditions. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Is Azotobacter a denitrifying bacterium? Azotobacter is primarily a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, not a denitrifying bacterium. However, research shows that some Azotobacter species have limited denitrification capabilities: frontiersin Azotobacter indicum and Azotobacter chroococcum can reduce nitrates to nitrites and nitric oxide under anaerobic conditions, but this is not their primary function pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih This denitrification ability is unusual because Azotobacter species are obligate aerobes (require oxygen) and are primarily known for atmospheric nitrogen fixation pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 The main role of Azotobacter remains converting atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia for plant use, making them important biofertilizers rather than denitrifiers. Their limited denitrification capability appears to be a secondary metabolic pathway that operates under specific anaerobic conditions. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 What is the role of denitrifying bacteria? Denitrifying bacteria serve several critical environmental and agricultural functions: xzbiosludge+1 Environmental Protection Prevent water pollution by removing excess nitrates from groundwater and surface water xzbiosludge Prevent eutrophication in aquatic systems by reducing nitrogen-rich runoff that causes harmful algal blooms xzbiosludge Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by converting nitrous oxide (N₂O) to harmless nitrogen gas (N₂) vedantu Nitrogen Cycle Completion Return nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrates back to nitrogen gas, completing the natural nitrogen cycle xzbiosludge Balance soil nitrogen levels to maintain optimal conditions for plant growth xzbiosludge Remove excess nitrogen from agricultural and industrial waste streams xzbiosludge Wastewater Treatment Applications Biological nutrient removal in sewage treatment plants to meet discharge standards cordis.europa Industrial effluent treatment for food processing, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries Tertiary treatment to achieve ultra-low nitrogen levels in treated wastewater Agricultural Benefits Soil health maintenance by preventing nitrate accumulation that can harm beneficial soil microorganisms Sustainable farming support by managing nitrogen cycling in agricultural systems How to get denitrifying bacteria? Denitrifying bacteria can be obtained through several isolation and cultivation methods: core+1 Natural Sources Activated sludge from wastewater treatment plants - richest source of diverse denitrifiers pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Soil samples from agricultural fields, wetlands, and waterlogged areas pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Sediment samples from rivers, lakes, and marine environments nature Groundwater and contaminated subsurface environments pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Laboratory Isolation Methods Enrichment Cultivation Use selective growth media containing nitrate as the sole electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions core+1 Optimal media composition includes tryptic soy broth with nitrate supplementation core Incubation conditions: 30°C under nitrogen atmosphere or in anaerobic chambers frontiersin+1 Isolation Procedure Initial enrichment in liquid medium for 7-10 days under anaerobic conditions pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Serial transfers (3-4 transfers) to ensure denitrifier selection pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Plating on solid medium to isolate individual colonies pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Confirmation testing using nitrate/nitrite reduction assays nature+1 Commercial Sources Specialized bacterial culture collections that maintain denitrifying strains Environmental biotechnology companies that produce denitrifying bacterial inoculants Research institutions with established denitrifier collections Growth rate of denitrifying bacteria Denitrifying bacteria exhibit variable growth rates depending on species, substrate, and environmental conditions: frontiersin+1 Typical Generation Times Pseudomonas stutzeri Aerobic conditions: 2.8 hours generation time frontiersin Anaerobic conditions: 4-6 hours with acetate substrate pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Paracoccus denitrificans With acetate: 4-6 hours doubling time pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih With formate: ~10 hours doubling time pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih With hydrogen: ~20 hours doubling time pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Environmental Factors Affecting Growth Rate Temperature Optimal range: 30-37°C for most mesophilic denitrifiers patents.google +1 Marine species: Optimal at 35°C patents.google Cold-adapted species: Can grow at 4°C but with longer generation times frontiersin Substrate Type Organic carbon sources (acetate, lactate) support fastest growth pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Simple carbon sources like acetate provide better growth rates than complex substrates Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio affects growth efficiency and rate pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Oxygen Levels Aerobic growth generally faster than anaerobic denitrification frontiersin Microaerobic conditions often optimal for aerobic denitrifiers nature pH and Environmental Conditions Optimal pH: 6.5-8.0 for most denitrifiers patents.google Growth monitoring: Typically monitored by optical density changes over 24-48 hour periods pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Batch culture conditions: Growth curves show exponential phase lasting 12-24 hours under optimal conditions The growth rates make denitrifying bacteria practical for both environmental applications and laboratory research, with most strains achieving significant biomass within 1-3 days under optimal conditions. patents.google +1 Denitrification Our Products Explore our range of premium Denitrification products tailored to meet your agricultural needs, optimizing nitrogen cycling and minimizing environmental impact. Paracoccus denitrificans Paracoccus denitrificans is a beneficial bacterium known for its nitrate-reducing properties, specifically its ability to convert nitrate to nitrogen gas. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Protect your crops from bacterial diseases, fungal infections and pests that pose a risk on your crop using our range of organic inputs Plant Protect Naturally Protect Your Plants from Diseases Safeguard your crops naturally with our Plant Protection solutions, offering effective pest and disease management while minimizing environmental impact and preserving beneficial ecosystem balance. Contact us What Why How What it is Our Plant Protect range consists of organic inputs formulated specifically to defend crops against bacterial diseases, fungal infections, and pests. These products are crafted from natural ingredients and biological agents that offer effective protection while maintaining environmental sustainability. Why is it important Protecting crops from bacterial diseases, fungal infections, and pests is critical for agricultural success. These threats can cause significant damage, leading to reduced yields, lower crop quality, and economic losses for farmers. Organic inputs provide a safe and sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides and fungicides, preserving soil health, biodiversity, and the overall ecosystem. By utilizing organic solutions, farmers can uphold food safety standards and meet consumer demand for environmentally friendly produce. How it works Our Plant Protect products harness the power of natural compounds and beneficial organisms. Organic fungicides combat fungal infections by inhibiting fungal growth and spore production, thereby preventing disease spread. Biopesticides target pests through various mechanisms such as disrupting their feeding habits, interfering with their reproductive cycles, or acting as repellents. These methods effectively manage pest populations while minimizing adverse effects on beneficial insects, wildlife, and human health. By integrating our Plant Protect solutions into their crop management practices, farmers can enhance crop resilience, reduce dependency on synthetic chemicals, and promote sustainable agricultural systems. This approach not only safeguards crops but also supports long-term soil fertility and ecosystem health, ensuring a healthier and more productive farming environment. Plant Protect Our Products Explore our natural solutions for safeguarding plants against diseases and pests, ensuring healthy and thriving crops. Trichoderma viride An organic-certified biopesticide that controls termites, locusts, root grubs, and soil-dwelling pests. Its fungal spores infect and kill a range of insects, making it a powerful tool for integrated pest management in sustainable farming. View Product Beauveria bassiana A broad-spectrum biological insecticide formulated as a wettable powder, Beauveria bassiana targets both larvae and adult stages of insect pests using entomopathogenic fungal spores, offering effective and eco-friendly pest control. View Product Bloom Up Reflective anti-transpirant from vegetable oil that enhances drought tolerance, reduces water loss, and improves crop health. Non-toxic and biodegradable. View Product Flyban A biological larvicide derived from naturally-occurring soil bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis var Israelensis, effectively controlling larvae populations. View Product Insecta Repel Insecta Repel uses Bti toxins to target larvae of mosquitoes, fungus gnats, and blackflies, offering effective control with minimal environmental impact. View Product Larvicare Activates plant defense pathways against biotic stress, protecting biomolecules and cellular structures from various stressors. View Product Mealycare A biological insecticide containing Lecanicillium lecanii, controlling mealy bugs and sucking insects like thrips, aphids, and mites. View Product Metarhzium Anisopliae This biological fungicide combats seed and soil-borne diseases caused by fungi like Rhizoctonia and Fusarium. Ideal for seed dressing and soil application, it promotes healthier crop establishment and disease resistance.An organic-certified biopesticide that controls termites, locusts, root grubs, and soil-dwelling pests. Its fungal spores infect and kill a range of insects, making it a powerful tool for integrated pest management in sustainable farming. View Product Mitimax Provides extended control of mites by penetrating leaf tissue, reducing biotic stress, and protecting beneficial insects. View Product Neem Oil Natural pesticide from Neem seeds (Azadirachta indica) that targets pests while being safe for birds, mammals, and beneficial insects. View Product Pacify Organic, non-lethal rat repellent designed to drive rats from fields, safe for earthworms, grazing animals, and aquatic life. View Product Proteger A 5-in-1 organic formulation controlling biotic stress caused by pests, fungi, bacteria, and supplements Vitamin K to plants. View Product Th-Derma Bio fungicide with Trichoderma Harzianum (2 x 10⁶ CFU/g) that controls damping-off and root rot. Free from contamination, with 12-month shelf life. View Product Thripcare Protects crops from biotic stress caused by thrips and leaf miners by boosting plant defense mechanisms with antioxidants. View Product Troopmax A bacterial larvicide with high specificity, targeting pests while minimizing environmental impact and harm to non-target organisms. View Product 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

< Plant Protect Proteger A 5-in-1 organic formulation controlling biotic stress caused by pests, fungi, bacteria, and supplements Vitamin K to plants. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Broad-Spectrum Control Effectively controls aphids, whiteflies, jassids, bugs, and more. Non-Toxic Free of toxic and solvent residues, making it safer for crops and the environment. Safe for Various Environments Can be used on greenhouse plants, forestry, indoor plants, and outdoor crops. Versatile Application Suitable for a wide range of crops including cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fruits, vegetables, and more. Composition Amount Vitamin K 2.0% Polysorbate 3.0% Capsicum oil 95% Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info Formulation Type Emulsifiable concentrate Crop Spectrum Recommended to be used on crops ranging from cereals, pulses & legumes, oil seeds, fruits, vegetables, fodder, fiber, flowers, green house, forestry, indoor plants, etc. Antidote Treat symptomatically as there is no known antidote. Shelf Life & Packaging Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 500 ml / 1 litre bottle FAQ Content coming soon! Key Benefits Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Foliar: Use 250–300 ml/acre; apply as foliar application at vegetative and flowering stage. Add to mixing tank with half of the amount of water you wish to apply. Allow the solution to completely mix then add the remaining water to the tank. Recommended dosage is for guideline purpose only. More effective application rates may exist depending on specific circumstances. Related Products Trichoderma viride Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Flyban Insecta Repel Larvicare Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae More Products Resources Read all

< Plant Protect Flyban A biological larvicide derived from naturally-occurring soil bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis var Israelensis, effectively controlling larvae populations. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Wide Application FlyBan works in swamps, ponds, ditches, and various water sources, controlling larvae in multiple environments. Reduces Chemical Pesticide Use FlyBan supports mosquito management programs, reducing reliance on chemical pesticides for a safer environment. Non-Toxic to Non-Target Species FlyBan is non-toxic to aquatic life, honey bees, cattle, wildlife, and humans, making it safe for ecosystems. Effective Mosquito Larvae Control FlyBan effectively controls mosquito larvae, including Culex, Anopheles, and Aedes species, reducing the mosquito population. Composition Amount Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis spores (Viable Spore count: 30 x 106 ml min., Potency: 630 ITU/mg min.) 5.0% min. Delta endotoxin 2.0% min. Sodium Alginate 2.0% max. Glycerol 20.0% max. Liquid Paraffin 10.0% max. Citric Acid 0.1% max. Sodium Benzoate 0.2% max Congo Red 0.5% max. Water (sterilized) Q.S. Total 100.0% Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info FlyBan is used as an effective mosquito larvicide product against Culex spp , Anopheles spp and Aedes spp . Larvicides are more effective and less toxic than adult mosquito sprays Adult mosquitoes lay eggs in stagnant water causing larvae proliferation which grow into adults. These adults are the carriers of dengue, malaria and chikungunya diseases. FlyBan can be used effectively in many types of breeding sites such as fresh water, swamps, marshes, wells, drains, ditches, sewage lagoons, ponds, marshy pastures, creeks, river and streams. FlyBan is non-toxic to non-target aquatic life, honey bees, cattle, wild life and human beings. FlyBan is available as a liquid formulation Shelf Life & Packaging Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 500 ml / 1 litre bottle FAQ Product Overview & Basics What is Flyban and how does it work? Flyban is a biological larvicide derived from naturally-occurring soil bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) . It is a naturally occurring soil bacterium discovered in Israel's Negev Desert in 1977. The product contains viable spores with a spore count of 30 x 10⁶ ml minimum and potency of 630 ITU/mg minimum. When mosquito larvae ingest Bti crystals in water, the alkaline environment of their digestive system dissolves these crystalline structures, releasing four major protoxins: Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba, Cry11Aa, and Cyt1Aa. These activated toxins bind to specific receptors on the mosquito's midgut epithelial cells, creating pores that cause cell destruction, gut paralysis, and ultimately death within 24-48 hours. What larvae can Flyban control? Flyban specifically targets the larval stages of: indogulfbioag+1 Mosquitoes (Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex species) Black flies (Simulium species) Fungus gnats (Bradysia species) Non-biting midges (Chironomus species) Other aquatic Diptera with similar larval biology What are the key benefits of using Flyban? The primary benefits include: indogulfbioag+2 Extreme specificity : Only affects target insect larvae, leaving non-target organisms unharmed Environmental safety : Breaks down within days to weeks; no persistence in soil or water No resistance development : Over 36 years of use in Germany with no detectable resistance indogulfbioag Cost-effective production : Can utilize waste materials in fermentation processes Organic certification : Approved for use in certified organic farming operations indogulfbioag+1 Multi-toxin strategy : Contains four different toxins targeting different receptors, making resistance evolution extremely difficult indogulfbioag Safety & Health Concerns Is Flyban safe for humans? Yes, Flyban poses no risk to human health . The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has extensively tested Bti and concluded it does not pose health risks to people. Key safety features include: epa+2 No toxicity when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through skin Approved for organic farming operations Safe for drinking water supplies with negligible exposure risk Only mild eye or skin irritation may occur with direct contact to concentrated products This safety is because Bti toxins only activate in the alkaline environment of the digestive systems of specific insects. The acidic stomachs of humans and animals do not activate Bti toxins. gdg+1 Is Flyban safe for pets and livestock? Absolutely. Flyban demonstrates excellent safety for animals: Non-toxic to mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles Safe for fish—studies show no adverse effects on various fish species even at high concentrations No impact on livestock or grazing animals Laboratory studies confirm safety across multiple animal species Is Flyban safe for beneficial insects like honeybees? Yes, Flyban is completely safe for honeybees and beneficial pollinators: indogulfbioag Non-toxic to honeybees and other beneficial pollinators Does not harm bee larvae or affect hive health Provides a safe alternative to chemical insecticides that often harm bee populations Safe for all non-target organisms due to its extreme specificity Can Flyban contaminate drinking water? No. Registered products containing Bti are safe for drinking water supplies: canada+3 Label restrictions permit application only to aquatic sites where mosquito and black fly larvae are found Bti can be used for pest control in organic farming operations Following review of human health risk assessments, health agencies have determined that products containing Bti do not pose health risks to humans or other mammals Direct application to treated, finished drinking water is not considered acceptable practice, but water used for other purposes remains safe The risk of exposure through drinking water is negligible gdg Application & Effectiveness How should Flyban be applied? Flyban can be applied using several methods: doh.wa+1 Liquid Formulations : Mix at recommended doses (0.5-1 ml per square meter of water body) and apply as a spray using spray equipment or a backpack blower for large areas. Granular/Briquette Formulations : Can be spread directly over water surfaces or dropped into water bodies. Application Methods : Ultra-low volume (ULV) applications using specialized aircraft Truck-mounted equipment for roadside ditches and drainage areas Backpack sprayers for small areas and targeted applications Hand applications using granules or dunks in containers and water features Dosage Recommendations : indogulfbioag Foliar Application: 0.5-1 ml per square meter of water body 1 Acre dose: 2-4 L 1 Hectare dose: 5-10 L Use lower doses for cleaner water and higher doses for polluted water bodies Apply at 1-2 week intervals How effective is Flyban at killing mosquito larvae? Flyban is highly effective: pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+3 Studies have shown that Bti can kill 90-100% of larvae within 24-48 hours at effective concentrations - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Some Bti formulations achieve 91-100% larval mortality within 24 hours- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Semi-field trials show consistent effectiveness across different dosages Bti was shown to be highly effective at very low dosage rates—as low as 0.2 kg/ha against Anopheles larvae- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Highest effectiveness (96-100%) achieved at optimal concentrations, even with 3rd and 4th instar larvae- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih How long do es Flyb an remain effective? The duration of effectiveness depends on environmental conditions and formulation type: - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Liquid formulations: Typically 1-2 weeks in moderately polluted water; shorter in highly polluted water Granular formulations: Up to one month or longer under certain conditions Field persistence: 35 days observed in moderately polluted water bodies compared to 21 days in highly polluted water - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Bti breaks down quickly in the environment and may need to be reapplied regularly to obtain adequate mosquito control Megadoses of dry formulations can provide residual control through 11 weeks in small containers - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih What is the optimal application timing? Timing is critical for Flyban effectiveness: - emtoscipublisher+1 Apply Bti during peak larval hatching periods to maximize effectiveness Early morning or late afternoon applications are preferable Apply during dry weather —avoid application if rain is forecast within 24 hours Milder temperatures are preferable for application, as extreme heat may reduce effectiveness For continuous control, apply every 7-14 days during peak breeding seasons Avoid application during extreme temperature conditions What water conditions affect Flyban's effectiveness? Water quality significantly impacts Bti effectiveness: - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Effectiveness is influenced by water temperature, sunlight, and vegetation coverage Cleaner water bodies : Lower doses are effective; use 1-2 ppm (parts per million) Polluted water bodies : Higher doses are required for comparable effectiveness Organic content in water can reduce Bti penetration and effectiveness In laboratory conditions, Bti deposition and effectiveness are more predictable In field conditions, natural environmental factors create variable results Resistance & Long-term Use Can mosquitoes develop resistance to Flyban? No documented resistance has been observed:- emtoscipublisher+2 Research spanning decades shows remarkably low resistance development to Bti No significant field resistance has been detected after decades of use Laboratory studies show only modest resistance development (2-3 fold) after intensive selection 36 years of use in Germany with no detectable resistance in Aedes vexans populations - - emtoscipublisher+1 Over 189 generations of mosquitoes treated in Germany with no resistance development Why is Flyban resistant to resistance development? Several factors prevent resistance development:- emtoscipublisher+2 Multi-toxin strategy : Bti contains four different toxins (Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba, Cry11Aa, and Cyt1Aa) targeting different receptors, making simultaneous resistance evolution extremely difficult Complex mode of action : The requirement for specific gut pH (10-11), multiple receptors, and protein activation creates multiple barriers to resistance No single target : Unlike chemical insecticides, Bti's multiple mechanisms prevent simple genetic mutations from conferring resistance Synergistic Cyt1Aa mechanism : Acts as a surrogate receptor and prevents resistance by targeting different membrane components What is the recommended resistance management strategy? Proactive resistance management strategies include: - emtoscipublisher+1 Rotation with other biological agents like Bacillus sphaericus to create alternative selective pressures Combination products that mix multiple active ingredients Monitoring programs using sensitive detection methods to identify early resistance signals Integrated pest management approaches combining multiple control strategies with Flyban Habitat modification to reduce mosquito breeding sites and application pressure Environmental Impact Q16: What is the environmental impact of Flyba n ? Extensive research spanning over four decades confirms Flyban's environmental safety: - indogulfbioag+2 Rapidly biodegradable—breaks down within days to weeks after application No persistence in soil or water systems Minimal impact on non-target organisms including beneficial insects Does not affect food crops when applied safely Does not harm water supplies or non-target wildlife The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency categorizes the risks posed by Bti strains to non-target organisms as minimal to non-existent - canada Are there any concerns about non-target organisms? While Bti is highly specific to target mosquito species, some research has identified potential impacts on non-target Diptera: - nature Chironomid midges (non-biting midges) show increased sensitivity to Bti, particularly early larval instars First-instar Chironomus riparius larvae are approximately 100-fold more sensitive than fourth-instar larvae - nature Operational field dosages may reduce chironomid emergence rates by approximately 50% - emtoscipublisher In worst-case acute toxicity scenarios, the risk ratio for first-instar chironomids significantly exceeds acceptable regulatory thresholds- nature However, field studies show variable results—some detecting reductions while others find no effects- nature Can Flyban be used on agricultural crops? Yes, Flyban can be safely used in agricultural settings: - indogulfbioag+1 No impact on food crops—can be applied safely without contaminating produce Water supply protection—safe for use in drinking water sources Organic certification—approved for use in certified organic farming Safe for use in greenhouse environments against fungus gnat larvae Particularly useful for pest control in aquaculture systems Disease Control Applications Can Flyban help control disease-carrying mosquitoes? Yes. Flyban has been shown to be effective in controlling mosquitoes that transmit diseases: - indogulfbioag+1 Dengue fever : Controls Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which transmit dengue, Zika virus, and chikungunya Malaria : Controls Anopheles species mosquitoes West Nile virus : Controls Culex species Onchocerciasis (River blindness) : Controls black fly vectors Other diseases : Controls vector species for filarial parasites and livestock diseases Has Flyban been used in public mosquito control programs? Yes, extensively: - indogulfbioag+1 Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Michigan regularly conduct Bti spraying programs Miami-Dade County used aerial Bti during the 2016 Zika outbreak to break transmission cycles Germany has operated a mosquito control program using Bti since 1981, treating approximately 189 generations of mosquitoes Bti has been deployed in dengue control programs in Malaysia with documented reductions in dengue cases Area-wide aerial applications have been successfully conducted in residential neighborhoods across northeastern USA Storage, Handling & Preparation How should Flyban be stored? Proper storage maintains product viability: - indogulfbioag Store in a cool, dark place to preserve bacterial viability Protect from direct sunlight Maintain appropriate temperature conditions (typically between 2-25°C) Do not store mixed solutions for more than 24 hours after mixing with water - indogulfbioag Follow the manufacturer's storage instructions on the product label Keep away from extreme temperatures that could damage spores What precautions should be taken when handling Flyban? Safety measures when handling Flyban include: indogulfbioag Personal Protective Equipment : Avoid breathing dust from granular formulations Wear protective clothing including eye protection and gloves Use dust masks when handling concentrated products Follow all label instructions carefully Wash hands thoroughly after handling Prevent contact with eyes and skin from concentrated formulations How should Flyban be mixed for application? Proper mixing ensures maximum effectiveness: indogulfbioag Mix Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis at recommended doses in sufficient water For foliar spray applications: Mix 0.5-1 ml per square meter of water body Stir thoroughly to ensure even distribution Critical : Do not store mixed solution for more than 24 hours—degradation begins immediately After 8 hours of being mixed with water, effectiveness decreases significantly Mix only the amount needed for each application to maximize potency What should I do if I'm accidentally exposed to Flyban? Exposure is generally not a concern: indogulfbioag Members of the public are unlikely to experience any symptoms if inadvertently exposed to Bti use No special precautions are necessary or required for general populations In the unlikely event of eye or skin irritation from concentrated products, wash thoroughly with water For ingestion concerns, contact a poison control center or healthcare provider (though toxicity is not expected) Occupational exposure in manufacturing settings requires standard microbiological safety practices Product Composition & Technical Details What is the composition of Flyban? Flyban's formulation includes the following key components: indogulfbioag+1 Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis spores : 5.0% minimum (Viable Spore count: 30 x 10⁶ ml min., Potency: 630 ITU/mg min.) Delta endotoxin : 2.0% minimum Sodium Alginate : 2.0% maximum (helps with formulation stability) Glycerol : 20.0% maximum (preservative and stabilizer) Liquid Paraffin : 10.0% maximum (carrier) Citric Acid : 0.1% maximum (pH control) Sodium Benzoate : 0.2% maximum (preservative) Congo Red : 0.5% maximum (tracer dye) Water (sterilized) : Quantity sufficient to complete formulation What are ITUs and why are they important? ITU stands for International Toxic Units , a measure of Bti potency: nature Field application rates for mosquito control in areas like the Upper Rhine Valley are typically fixed at 1,440 or 2,880 ITU/L These standardized units allow for consistent dosing across different Bti products Potency can vary between formulations, making ITU measurements essential for comparing products Higher ITU concentrations allow for more precise dosing in different water conditions What is the difference between WDG and liquid formulations? Different Flyban formulations serve different purposes: valentbiosciences+2 Water Dispersible Granules (WDG) : Dry powder that mixes with water; offers longer storage stability and easier handling for some applications Liquid formulations : Ready-to-use suspensions; optimal for spray applications and rapid deployment Soluble Liquid formulation : 4,100 ITU per milligram with 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram indogulfbioag Both formulations are equally effective when applied at recommended rates Selection depends on application method, storage conditions, and user preference Comparison & Integration How does Flyban compare to chemical larvicides? Compared to chemical larvicides like temephos and diflubenzuron: imlresearch+1 Flyban (Bti) : Environmentally safe, no resistance development, specific to target pests, safe for all non-target organisms Temephos : Chemical insecticide with potential mortality rates up to 100% but risk of resistance development and environmental concerns Diflubenzuron : Works by inhibiting chitin synthesis but lacks the specificity and safety profile of Bti Key advantage : Bti's multi-toxin approach makes resistance virtually impossible, unlike chemical alternatives Can Flyban be combined with other pest control methods? Yes, Flyban integrates well with comprehensive Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs: emtoscipublisher+2 Can be rotated with other biological agents like Bacillus sphaericus Can be combined in products that mix multiple active ingredients Works alongside source reduction (eliminating breeding sites) Compatible with adult mosquito control methods when necessary Integrates with public education and community engagement strategies May be combined with chemical agents in certain formulations for enhanced effectiveness Are there alternative biological control products available alongside Flyban? Yes, other biological agents can complement Flyban: indogulfbioag+1 Bacillus sphaericus : Often combined with Bti to enhance effectiveness against various mosquito species and provide resistance management Wolbachia bacteria : For population suppression and disease transmission blocking Entomopathogenic fungi : Like Beauveria bassiana for alternative biological control Modern technologies : Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), Attractive Targeted Sugar Baits (ATSBs), and autodissemination systems Key Benefits Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Dosage: 0.5 – 1ml per square meter of water body Recommended dosage is for guideline purpose only. More effective application rates may exist depending on specific circumstances. Related Products Trichoderma viride Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Insecta Repel Larvicare Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae Mitimax More Products Resources Read all

< Plant Protect Thripcare Protects crops from biotic stress caused by thrips and leaf miners by boosting plant defense mechanisms with antioxidants. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Wide Application Suitable for flowers, foliage crops, shrubs, ground covers, and ornamental trees. Comprehensive Control Effectively manages thrips and leafminers at all life stages. Targeted Action Interferes with lipid synthesis, leading to thrips mortality through ingestion. Resistance Management Helps combat pest resistance, ensuring long-term efficacy. Composition Amount Active Ingredient Vitamin E 1.0% Vitamin A 1.0% Polysorbate 3.0% Vegetable oil 95% Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info Thripcare takes part in physiological processes related to the growth, photoprotection, blooming, longevity and senescence of plants. It also supplements decrease a plant's susceptibility to cold temperatures & triggers root development and the protein that binds it. Crop Spectrum Recommended to be used on crops ranging from cereals, pulses & legumes, oil seeds, fruits, vegetables, fodder, fiber, flowers, green house, forestry, indoor plants, etc. Antidote Treat symptomatically as there is no known antidote. Shelf Life & Packaging Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 500 ml / 1 litre bottle FAQ Content coming soon! Key Benefits Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Foliar: Use 250–300 ml/ acre; apply as foliar application at vegetative and flowering stage. Add to mixing tank with half of the amount of water you wish to apply. Allow the solution to completely mix then add the remaining water to the tank. Recommended dosage is for guideline purpose only. More effective application rates may exist depending on specific circumstances. Related Products Trichoderma viride Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Flyban Insecta Repel Larvicare Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae More Products Resources Read all

< Plant Protect Mitimax Provides extended control of mites by penetrating leaf tissue, reducing biotic stress, and protecting beneficial insects. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Higher Longevity Requires fewer sprays with longer pest-free duration. Phyto-Tonic Effect Enhances food synthesis through improved photosynthesis. Translaminar Action Controls pests on both sides of leaves with a single spray. Wide Spectrum Control Provides one-shot control over a complex of pests. Composition Amount Cineol 02% Polysorbate 03% Vegetable Oil 95% Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info Foliage-feeding mites ingest the Mitimax, stimulating the release of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) which binds to receptor sites in the muscle cells. This binding results in an increased flow of chloride ions into nerve cells, blocking nerve signals. Shortly after exposure, the pest stops feeding, becomes irreversibly paralyzed and no further damage to the plant occurs. Mitimax has very limited contact activity. It has excellent neurotoxicity and stomach activity and is most active by ingestion. It also exhibits anti-feeding activity hence insect stops damaging plant within few hours of spraying. Mode of action Contact, neurotoxin & translaminar Crop Monitoring Effective control of biotic stress caused by motes depends upon regular monitoring of crops. Check crops regularly (every 3 to 5 days) during the season Coverage Thorough coverage is essential as Mitimax is not systemic. Mitimax exhibits excellent translaminar activity, although it is not systemic. After a droplet lands on the upper surface of the leaf, the active ingredient is rapidly taken up into leaf cells, but subsequent movement to the lower side of the leaf and lateral movement within the leaf are slow and restricted. Shelf Life & Packaging Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 500 ml / 1 litre bottle FAQ Content coming soon! Key Benefits Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Dosage: 250–300 ml/acre; repeat after 10–15 days Recommended dosage is for guideline purpose only. More effective application rates may exist depending on specific circumstances. Related Products Trichoderma viride Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Flyban Insecta Repel Larvicare Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae More Products Resources Read all

< Plant Protect Larvicare Activates plant defense pathways against biotic stress, protecting biomolecules and cellular structures from various stressors. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Safe for Beneficial Organisms Harmless to beneficial organisms and humans, ensuring ecosystem safety. Interferes with Neurotransmitters Disrupts the neurotransmitters of target pests, leading to their elimination. Reduces Resistance Lowers the chances of pests developing resistance over time. Triple Action Combines contact, antifeedant, and neurotoxicity actions for effective pest control. Composition Amount Vitamin - A 2% Polysorbate 3% Vegetable Oil 95% Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info Caused by Lepidopteran pests Thus, helps crops to achieve optimum productivity. Vitamin A is an antioxidant and takes part in physiological processes related to the growth, photoprotection, blooming, longevity, and senescence of plants. Vitamin A triggers root development and the protein that binds it. Shelf Life & Packaging Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 500 ml / 1 litre bottle FAQ Content coming soon! Key Benefits Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Dosage: Use 250-300 ml/acre; apply as foliar application at vegetative and flowering stage. Add to mixing tank with half of the amount of water you wish to apply. Allow the solution to completely mix then add the remaining water to the tank. Recommended dosage is for guideline purpose only. More effective application rates may exist depending on specific circumstances. Related Products Trichoderma viride Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Flyban Insecta Repel Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae Mitimax More Products Resources Read all

< Plant Protect Trichoderma viride An organic-certified biopesticide that controls termites, locusts, root grubs, and soil-dwelling pests. Its fungal spores infect and kill a range of insects, making it a powerful tool for integrated pest management in sustainable farming. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Enhanced Crop Productivity Reduces fungal load, promoting healthier root systems and improved plant growth. Safe for the Ecosystem Earthworm-friendly, pet-friendly, and non-toxic to humans and animals. Eco-Friendly Agriculture Supports sustainable farming with an environmentally safe mode of action. Broad-Spectrum Disease Control Effectively combats root rots, wilts, damping-off, and other seed- and soil-borne fungal infections. Content coming soon! Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info Target Diseases Trichoderma viride is approved for seed/soil treatment of root rot in pulses (cowpea, mung bean, and urad bean), damping off in chili seedlings, wilting in cowpea, and root rot diseases in sesame and pigeon pea. Additionally, Trichoderma viride can be used for fungal diseases (seed/soil borne) caused by Pythium spp, Phytophthora spp, Alternaria spp, and similar pathogens that lead to diseases such as root rots, wilts, brown rot, damping off, charcoal rot, and other seed-borne and soil-borne fungal diseases in crops. Crops Trichoderma viride is suitable for application on cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops, sugar crops, forage crops, plantation crops, vegetables, fruits, spices, flowers, medicinal crops, aromatic crops, orchards, and ornamentals. Shelf Life & Packaging Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 1 kg pouch FAQ Content coming soon! Key Benefits Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Dosage & Application Seed treatment: Mix 10g of Trichoderma viride with 10g of crude sugar in sufficient water to make slurry to treat 1 Kg seed. Coat the seed with this slurry so as to have a uniform coating all over the seeds. Dry the seeds in shade for 30 minutes and sow the treated seeds within 24 hours. Soil application: Mix 5–10Kg Trichoderma viride along with 1Kg of crude sugar in sufficient quantity of organic fertilizer / de oiled cake and incubate at 30% moisture level for 3–4 days and apply to root zone. Soil drenching, Nursery application, Root dipping: Mix 10g of Trichoderma viride per L of water and use to drench soil/nursery/dip roots. Drip Irrigation: Mix 3–5Kg Trichoderma viride in 50L of water and mix well. Allow to sediment and decant super natant and feed it through drip irrigation. Note: Trichoderma viride should not be used in mushroom farming as it causes disease in mushrooms. Related Products Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Flyban Insecta Repel Larvicare Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae Mitimax More Products Resources Read all

< Plant Protect Troopmax A bacterial larvicide with high specificity, targeting pests while minimizing environmental impact and harm to non-target organisms. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Target Specificity Effectively targets specific pests like Hemiptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, and more, minimizing impact on non-target organisms. Environmental Safety As a bacterial larvicide, it poses negligible risks to the environment, making it a safer alternative to chemical pesticides. Wide Range of Targets Controls a variety of pests, including spittlebugs, corn borers, locusts, and various aphids, enhancing crop protection. Sustainable Pest Management Integrates well into sustainable farming practices, contributing to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies without harming beneficial organisms. Composition Amount TroopMax 0.8* 10⁸ CFU/g (%) w/w Metarhizium anisopliae (spores) 2%, 1 X 10⁸ CFU/g Beauveria bassiana (spores) 2%, 1 X 10⁸ CFU/g Bacillus thuringiensis var Kurstaki (spores) 2%, 1 X 10⁸ CFU/g Verticillium lecanii (spores) 2%, 1 X 10⁸ CFU/g Carrier i (Dextrose) Q.S. Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info Target species Hemiptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera and Hymenoptera etc. Spittlebugs (Cercopidae), pine moth Dendrolimus spp., corn borers Ostrinia nubilalis, Ostrinia furnacalis; Locustana pardalina, Locusta migratoria Chortoicetes terminifera, L. migratoria Anacridium melanorhodon, Hieroglyphus daganensis Schistocerca gregaria, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litura, Aphis craccivora, A. gossypii, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Brevocoryne brassicae, Myzus persicae and Bemisia tabaci etc. Usage and Storage Troopmax is compatible with all natural fertilizers. Maintain the product out of direct sunlight and store in a dark and cool place between 5–25ºC (40–77ºF). Do not refrigerate or freeze. Keep container tightly sealed after use. Keep away from children and pets. Do not inhale or ingest. FAQ Content coming soon! Key Benefits Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Dosage : 5g per liter of water Recommended dosage is for guideline purpose only. More effective application rates may exist depending on specific circumstances. Related Products Trichoderma viride Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Flyban Insecta Repel Larvicare Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae More Products Resources Read all