Top Manufacturer & Exporter of Nano Calcium Fertilizer. Enhance crop yield and plant health with our advanced nano-tech solutions. < Nano Fertilizers Nano Calcium Nano-sized calcium particles encapsulated by a chitosan-based biopolymer, facilitating bioavailability and addressing soil calcium availability issues, vital for plant growth and function. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Improves Fruit Quality Contributes to better fruit texture, firmness, and shelf life, enhancing overall crop yield and quality. Enhances Nutrient Uptake Participates in metabolic processes that improve the uptake of essential nutrients. Protects Against Stress Improves stomatal function, induces heat shock proteins, and enhances plant resilience to heat stress and diseases. Strengthens Cell Walls Essential for forming calcium pectate compounds that stabilize cell walls and enhance plant structure. Components Composition (%) w/w Calcium as Ca 9.90% Non Ammonical Nitrogen as N 1.80% Citric Acid 22.50% Emulsifiers 0.25% Stabilizers Q.S. Composition Dosage & Application Why choose this product Key Benefits Sustainability Advantage Additional Info FAQ Additional Info Compatibility: Compatible with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides except for MgSO⁴ and DAP Shelf life: Best before 24 months when stored at room temperature Packaging: 5 Ltx2/Corrugated Cardboard Box Symptoms of Calcium Deficiency Brown scorching and curling of leaf tips as well as chlorosis (yellowing) between leaf veins Appearance of purple spots on the undersides of the leaf Reduction on plant growth, root development Delay in seed and fruit development of the plant Why choose this product? Chitosan-Encapsulated Nano Calcium Technology for Superior Plant Nutrition IndoGulf BioAg's Nano Calcium represents a revolutionary advancement in agricultural calcium delivery. Unlike traditional calcium sources that rely on slow soil dissolution and limited bioavailability, nano calcium particles encapsulated in chitosan-based biopolymers provide: Superior Bioavailability: Nano-sized particles (under 100 nanometers) penetrate leaf cuticles and root tissues 30-33% more effectively than bulk calcium salts Immediate Plant Availability: Ionized calcium in colloidal form is plant-available within hours of application, not weeks like traditional lime Advanced Encapsulation Technology: Chitosan-based biopolymer matrix ensures calcium remains stable and bioavailable across varying soil pH (5.5-8.5) and moisture conditions Disease Prevention: Prevents costly physiological disorders including blossom end rot (tomato, pepper), bitter pit (apples), and tip burn (leafy greens) Cell Wall Strength: Strengthens cell walls through calcium pectate formation, reducing lodging, disease susceptibility, and mechanical damage Stress Resilience: Improves plant tolerance to drought, heat, salinity, and temperature fluctuations Environmental Sustainability: Reduces calcium fertilizer application volumes by 50-70% compared to traditional granular sources Shelf Life Stability: Remains crystal-clear and viable for 18+ months when stored at room temperature Key Benefits at a Glance Benefit Category Specific Advantage Agronomic Impact Nutrient Bioavailability 30-33% leaf penetration vs. <1% for bulk calcium Enhanced calcium concentration in fruits 44-79% higher than untreated controls Application Flexibility Foliar spray, soil drench, irrigation integration 100% coverage uniformity; no mechanical spreader required Disorder Prevention Eliminates blossom end rot, bitter pit, tip burn 60-90% reduction in quality-affecting disorders Cell Wall Integrity Calcium pectate reinforcement 15-25% improvement in fruit firmness; extended shelf life Stress Tolerance Enhanced drought and heat resistance 15-25% higher photosynthetic rates during stress Cost Efficiency Replaces 50-100 kg conventional lime with 2-5 L 40-60% reduction in transportation and application labor Soil Structure Rapid calcium-driven clay aggregation Immediate improvement in water infiltration and aeration Crop Quality Enhanced uniformity and nutrient density Premium market pricing; extended distribution windows Sustainability Advantage Reduced Agricultural Input Traditional lime amendments require significant mechanical equipment, fuel consumption, and labor for spreading and incorporation. Nano calcium eliminates these requirements: No equipment needed: Applied through existing farm sprayers or irrigation systems Labor reduction: 70-80% less labor compared to lime spreading and incorporation Fuel savings: No machinery operation reduces greenhouse gas emissions Application efficiency: Targeted delivery to high-demand growth periods minimizes waste Soil Sustainability Nano calcium builds long-term soil health through: Microbial support: Calcium-rich soils support diverse soil microbiota, improving nutrient cycling Organic matter stabilization: Calcium-driven aggregation preserves soil organic matter, enhancing carbon sequestration Reduced erosion: Improved soil structure reduces surface runoff and erosion loss by up to 40% Water conservation: Enhanced soil water-holding capacity reduces irrigation requirements by 15-30% Environmental Impact Reduction Reduced mining and quarrying: Lower lime demand decreases pressure on limestone resources Lower transportation emissions: 50-70% reduction in product volume reduces freight carbon footprint Packaging reduction: Single concentrated container replaces multiple bags (up to 70% plastic waste reduction) No residual accumulation: Nano calcium is fully utilized; no toxic residues or heavy metal accumulation Crop Quality and Market Value By preventing physiological disorders, nano calcium directly improves farm profitability: Reduced crop loss: 60-90% reduction in blossom end rot and bitter pit-affected fruit Premium pricing: Higher quality fruit commands 20-40% price premiums Extended marketability: Improved firmness and shelf life extends distribution windows by 2-3 weeks Reduced post-harvest losses: Firmer fruit with better cell integrity survives shipping with 30-50% fewer bruises Dosage & Application Each 1L provides 105g Calcium, 800,000 IU Vitamin D3, 20,000 IU Phosphatase Enzyme, 10.5g Aminoacids Crops Fodder crops: 1.5–2 L/Ha once in 21 days Cereal crops: 1.5 L/Ha once in 21 days Oil Seed Crops: 1.75 L/Ha once in 21 days Vegetables: 1–1.5 L/Ha once in 15 days Floriculture: 1–1.5 L/Ha once in 15 days Horticulture crops: 2–3 L/Ha once in 45 days FAQ Q1: What is the best form of calcium to take (for plants)? Optimal Calcium Forms by Application Method: For Immediate Availability (Foliar & Rapid Uptake):Nano calcium (calcium in nanoparticle form, 1-100 nanometers) represents the superior choice for rapid plant response. The ultra-small particle size allows: Penetration through leaf cuticles: 30-33% of applied nanoparticles penetrate leaves vs. <1% for bulk salts Direct fruit surface contact: Nanoparticles adhere to fruit skin and penetrate protective wax layers Rapid cellular internalization: Once absorbed, calcium ions immediately enter plant cells for metabolic use Absorption Timeline: Nanoparticles: 7-19% absorbed within 24 hours; 27-33% within 72 hours Bulk calcium salts: <0.1% absorbed within 72 hours Chelated calcium (citrate/lactate forms): 15-22% absorbed within 48 hours For Long-Term Soil Availability:While nano calcium excels at rapid correction, traditional lime still provides lasting soil pH benefits (2-5 years). An integrated approach combining: Foundational lime application (once, before planting): Establishes optimal soil pH (6.5-7.0) Season-long nano calcium: Addresses immediate calcium demand during critical growth phases Chelated vs. Nano Calcium:Both are superior to bulk calcium salts, but differ in mechanism: Chelated calcium (citrate, gluconate, amino-acid complexes): Organic acids prevent precipitation; moderate absorption rates Nano calcium with chitosan encapsulation: Nanoparticles provide superior penetration; controlled release matrix extends availability Winner: For fruit quality and disorder prevention, nano calcium provides 50-70% faster response than chelated forms and 300%+ faster than bulk salts. Q2: What is the quickest way to add calcium to soil? Fastest Calcium Delivery Methods (Results Within 2-7 Days): 1. Foliar Spray Application - FASTEST (Results in 2-3 days) Method: Dilute nano calcium product 1:5 to 1:8 with water; spray foliage and fruit to complete wetness Speed: Calcium penetrates leaf tissues within 24 hours; fruit accumulation visible within 3-7 days Dosage: 1-2 quarts per acre in 25-100 gallons water Best for: Emergency correction during fruit development; high-value crops where rapid response is critical Foliar Application Protocol: Timing: Apply early morning (5-8 AM) or late afternoon (after 4 PM) when stomata are open Coverage: Ensure complete leaf and fruit wetness; leaves dripping with solution Frequency: Every 7-10 days during growing season; every 5-7 days for critical development stages Weather: Apply when rain is not expected within 6 hours; avoid midday heat (avoid photosynthetic shutdown) 2. Soil Drenching - FAST (Results in 3-5 days) Method: Dissolve nano calcium in water; apply directly to soil at plant base Dosage: 2-5 gallons per acre (or 20-50 ml per mature plant for containers) Speed: Calcium reaches root zone within 24 hours; root absorption occurs over 3-5 days Mechanism: Root uptake via xylem transport; slower than foliar but complements foliar applications 3. Irrigation Integration - MODERATE (Results in 5-7 days) Method: Inject nano calcium into irrigation water via Venturi injector or proportioner Dosage: 3-5 kg per hectare per application Advantage: Uniform field-wide distribution; integrates with regular irrigation schedule Best for: Large field operations; consistent, season-long calcium nutrition 4. Traditional Lime - SLOW (Results in 4-12 weeks) Method: Broadcast granular lime; incorporates through soil with cultivation Speed: Requires 4-12 weeks for meaningful pH change and calcium availability Not suitable for: Rapid correction during critical growth phases Quick Comparison Table: Method Time to Visible Results Peak Effectiveness Best Use Case Nano Calcium Foliar 2-3 days 7-14 days Emergency correction; fruit quality Nano Calcium Soil Drench 3-5 days 10-14 days Complementary to foliar; general nutrition Irrigation Integration 5-7 days 14-21 days Season-long field nutrition Chelated Calcium 4-7 days 10-14 days Secondary option; slower than nano Liquid Calcium 5-10 days 14-21 days General availability; moderate speed Traditional Lime 4-12 weeks 8-24 weeks Long-term pH adjustment only FASTEST COMBINATION FOR DISORDER PREVENTION: Begin foliar nano calcium applications at petal fall (immediately after bloom) Repeat every 5-7 days through fruit development Continue soil drench applications every 14 days for sustained root-zone calcium This dual approach provides rapid fruit protection + sustained root-zone availability Q3: Is liquid calcium good for plants? Comprehensive Analysis: Liquid Calcium Benefits and Applications YES - Liquid calcium fertlizer is highly beneficial for plants, particularly when formulated with bioavailable calcium sources. However, effectiveness varies significantly based on formulation and application method. Why Liquid Calcium is Beneficial: 1. Immediate Bioavailability Dissolved calcium ions are plant-available within hours of application Root uptake occurs passively through established calcium transport mechanisms No waiting weeks for mineral weathering or soil chemical changes Particularly valuable during critical growth periods when rapid nutrient availability matters 2. Application Flexibility Can be applied via foliar spray, soil drench, irrigation injection, or seed treatment Integrates seamlessly with existing farm infrastructure (sprayers, drip systems) No specialized equipment needed (unlike granular lime spreaders) Enables targeted timing to coincide with peak plant demand 3. Consistent Nutritional Impact Reliable calcium delivery across varying soil conditions Works effectively in both acidic and alkaline soils (unlike traditional lime) Maintains consistent plant uptake regardless of soil pH variations within a field No unpredictable performance based on soil chemistry or particle size distribution 4. Quality Disorder Prevention Research demonstrates liquid calcium effectiveness in preventing costly physiological disorders: Disorder Crop Control Effectiveness Financial Impact Blossom End Rot Tomato, Pepper, Cucumber 60-90% reduction $5,000-15,000 per hectare loss prevented Bitter Pit Apple 70-85% prevention $8,000-20,000 per hectare loss prevented Tip Burn Lettuce, Leafy Greens 80-95% prevention Premium pricing (20-40% higher) achieved Internal Browning Strawberry 65-80% reduction 25-30% yield improvement 5. Enhanced Fruit Quality Firmness: Calcium pectate reinforcement increases fruit firmness 15-25% Shelf Life: Improved cell membrane integrity extends storage 2-3 weeks Transportability: Firmer fruit with reduced bruising improves post-harvest survival Nutritional Density: Higher calcium content increases fruit/vegetable nutritional value When Liquid Calcium is Most Effective: EXCELLENT Performance: Correcting calcium deficiency during active fruit development Emergency response to environmental stress (drought, heat, salinity) High-value crops where quality disorders are economically significant Situations where rapid response is needed within days/weeks GOOD Performance: General seasonal calcium nutrition Combination programs with soil-applied amendments Foliar supplementation of soil calcium Preventing physiological disorders through preventative applications LIMITATIONS: 1. Phloem ImmobilityCalcium cannot be redistributed within plants once deposited. This limitation means: Early-season applications don't protect late-developing tissues Young leaves are protected but mature leaves cannot redirect calcium to fruits Continuous applications throughout growth are necessary (not a one-time solution) 2. Transpiration Dependence Calcium moves in xylem passively coupled to water transport Factors reducing transpiration (high humidity, cool temperature, water stress) reduce calcium delivery Blossom end rot worsens paradoxically after drought + heavy watering (transpiration disruption) 3. Not a Lime Replacement Liquid calcium doesn't provide lasting soil pH elevation Soils naturally trending acidic still require periodic lime for long-term management Complementary (not alternative) approach recommended Optimal Liquid Calcium Use Strategy: Preventative Program (Recommended): Begin applications at petal fall for fruit crops Apply every 7-10 days during growing season Increase frequency (every 5-7 days) during critical development stages Combine foliar spray with soil applications for comprehensive coverage Corrective Program (Emergency Response): Upon detecting disorder symptoms or environmental stress Intensive foliar application schedule (every 3-5 days) Combination of foliar + soil drench for maximum impact Often salvages crops that would otherwise be unmarketable Conclusion: YES, liquid calcium is excellent for plants, especially when formulated with bioavailable calcium sources (nano calcium, chelated forms). Its rapid availability, application flexibility, and proven effectiveness in preventing physiological disorders make it a superior choice for modern agriculture compared to traditional solid amendments. Q4: Is liquid calcium better than lime? Comprehensive Comparison: Liquid Calcium vs. Lime - When Each Excels Short Answer: For immediate plant nutrition and disorder prevention, liquid calcium is dramatically superior. For long-term soil pH management, traditional lime provides advantages. The optimal approach combines both. Detailed Comparison Table: Characteristic Liquid Calcium Traditional Agricultural Lime Winner for This Criterion Time to Plant Availability 2-7 days (dramatic results visible) 4-12 weeks (gradual effect) Liquid Calcium (300% faster) Application Equipment Standard farm sprayer or irrigation Specialized lime spreader required Liquid Calcium (existing infrastructure) Distribution Uniformity Precise, even coverage Variable, uneven distribution Liquid Calcium (superior consistency) Soil pH Change Duration 1-2 seasons (medium-term) 2-5 years (long-lasting) Lime (longer-lasting impact) Cost per kg Higher per unit weight Lower per unit weight Lime (cheaper bulk material) Labor Requirements Minimal (just spray/inject) Significant (spreading, incorporation) Liquid Calcium (80% less labor) Speed of Disorder Prevention Prevents within days of application Cannot prevent active season disorders Liquid Calcium (only viable option) Flexibility of Timing Apply anytime during growth Must incorporate before planting Liquid Calcium (mid-season corrections possible) Soil Compaction Consequence None (liquid application) Can worsen compaction during incorporation Liquid Calcium (no damage) Environmental Impact 50-70% lower transport emissions Higher mining and transportation impact Liquid Calcium (more sustainable) Compatibility with Precision Ag Excellent (GPS-guided spray, variable rate) Poor (spreader limited precision) Liquid Calcium (modern ag friendly) Total Cost of Ownership Higher per bottle, lower per application Lower material cost, higher labor/equipment Liquid Calcium (often lower total cost) Q5: When to apply nano calcium? Optimal Timing and Application Schedules for Maximum Nano Calcium Effectiveness The timing of nano calcium applications is critical. Calcium immobility in plant phloem means timing mistakes result in complete program failure. Strategic timing maximizes disorder prevention and fruit quality. Critical Development Stages Requiring Nano Calcium: Stage 1: Petal Fall to Fruit Set (MOST CRITICAL - Days 1-14 Post-Bloom) Why This Timing? Fruit undergoes rapid cell division immediately after pollination Calcium demand is at peak during this cell division phase Early calcium deposition establishes foundation for entire fruit development Missing this window results in calcium-deficient fruit that cannot be corrected later Application Protocol: First Application: Within 24-48 hours of petal fall Dosage: 1.5-2 L/Ha (foliar) or 1-1.5 L/Ha (soil drench) Frequency: Repeat every 7 days for 3-4 applications Method: Primarily foliar spray (calcium cannot reach via soil during rapid xylem disconnection) Expected Results: 40-50% higher calcium fruit concentration vs. untreated Dramatically reduced blossom end rot incidence Enhanced cell division resulting in larger mature fruits Stage 2: Early Fruit Enlargement (Days 14-45 Post-Bloom) Why This Timing? Fruit transitions from cell division to cell expansion phase Calcium continues to accumulate but can no longer rely on soil-based uptake Xylem connection to fruit may be beginning to sever Foliar application becomes increasingly important Application Protocol: Dosage: 1-1.5 L/Ha (every 10 days) Frequency: 3-4 applications throughout this phase Primary Method: Foliar spray (soil uptake now insufficient) Soil Support: Complementary soil drench every 14-21 days Expected Results: Continued calcium accumulation in developing fruit Maintenance of adequate calcium levels as fruit expands Prevention of mid-season calcium deficiency symptoms Stage 3: Late Fruit Development - CRITICAL FOR STORAGE QUALITY (Days 45-Harvest) Why This Timing? This phase is critical for preventing storage disorders (bitter pit in apples, internal browning in strawberries) Xylem connection to fruit is fully severed; only foliar application reaches developing fruit Calcium deposited now remains in fruit tissue throughout storage Late-season applications (30-45 days pre-harvest) specifically target storage disorder prevention Application Protocol: Most Critical Applications: Apply every 5-7 days starting 45 days pre-harvest Increased Frequency: Late-season applications more frequent than earlier phases Dosage: 2-3 L/Ha per application (slightly higher concentration) Timing Window: Continue until 10-14 days before harvest Method: Exclusively foliar spray (soil uptake irrelevant at this stage) Expected Results: 70-85% reduction in bitter pit (apples) 65-80% reduction in internal browning (strawberries, stone fruits) Extended shelf life (2-3 weeks additional storage potential) Premium quality at retail Crop-Specific Application Schedules: APPLES & PEARS (For Bitter Pit Prevention): Petal Fall: 2 L/Ha (within 24 hours) Post-Bloom: Every 10 days for 3 applications (Days 5-25) Mid-Season (June-July): Every 14 days, 2 applications Late Season (August-September): Every 5-7 days for 6-8 applications starting 45 days pre-harvest Total: 12-15 applications per season TOMATOES & PEPPERS (For Blossom End Rot Prevention): Bloom Start: 1.5 L/Ha Flowering: Every 7 days for 3 applications Early Fruit: Every 10 days for 3-4 applications Mid-Development: Every 10-14 days through fruit maturation Total: 8-12 applications per season CITRUS (Lemon, Orange, Grapefruit): Bloom Phase: 1.5 L/Ha (start of bloom) Petal Fall: 2 L/Ha Fruit Set: Every 14 days for 2 applications Fruit Enlargement: Every 14 days for 4-6 applications Total: 8-10 applications per season STRAWBERRIES & BERRIES: Pre-Bloom: 1.5 L/Ha (just before flowering) Flowering: Every 7 days for 2 applications Early Fruit: Every 7 days for 3-4 applications Mid-Fruit Development: Every 10 days for 2-3 applications Total: 8-10 applications per season LEAFY GREENS (Lettuce, Spinach - Tip Burn Prevention): Seedling Stage: Seed treatment with 2g/kg of seeds OR root dip 50 ml/10L water Transplant Establishment: 1 L/Ha soil drench at transplanting Vegetative Growth: 1-1.5 L/Ha foliar spray every 7-10 days Pre-Harvest: 1 L/Ha application 3-5 days before harvest for quality Total: 3-4 applications for 30-40 day crop cycle FIELD CROPS (Corn, Wheat, Soybeans): V6 Stage: 1.5 L/Ha (6 leaves visible) V10-V12 Stage: 1.5 L/Ha Pre-Flowering: 1.5 L/Ha soil drench Post-Flowering: 1.5 L/Ha (if heading/grain fill extended) Total: 3-4 applications per season Detailed Application Timing Recommendations: EARLY MORNING APPLICATION (PREFERRED) Time Window: 5:00-8:00 AM Why: Stomata are open and receptive; plants have maximum turgor pressure Effectiveness: 20-30% higher leaf absorption vs. midday application Weather: Clear skies preferred; light cloud cover acceptable Wind: Minimal wind (< 5 mph) for even spray coverage LATE AFTERNOON APPLICATION (SECONDARY OPTION) Time Window: 4:00-7:00 PM (end of day) Why: Moderate stomatal opening; reduced evaporative loss from leaves Effectiveness: 15-25% absorption improvement vs. midday Avoid: After 7 PM (stomata begin closing; overnight dew increases disease risk) AVOID THESE TIMES: Midday (10 AM - 3 PM): Photosynthetically active; stomata partially closed for water conservation During Heavy Rain: Product washes off; effectiveness reduced to 5-15% Immediately Before Rain: Rain may wash off application before absorption occurs High Wind Days (> 10 mph): Uneven coverage; product drift losses Temperature Extremes: Below 50°F or above 90°F reduces stomatal responsiveness Pre-Application Environmental Conditions - Optimization: Soil Moisture for Soil Drench Applications: Ideal: Soil at 60-70% of field capacity (moist but not waterlogged) Too Dry: Apply water 24-48 hours before soil drench to establish moisture baseline Too Wet: Wait for drainage; waterlogged soil reduces root calcium uptake by 50-70% Humidity Levels for Foliar Applications: Ideal: 60-85% relative humidity Too Low (<50% RH): Rapid leaf surface drying reduces penetration time Too High (>90% RH): Increased disease risk; wait for humidity to drop Temperature Considerations: Optimal Range: 60-85°F for maximum stomatal opening and calcium uptake Below 50°F: Stomata mostly closed; minimal uptake Above 90°F: Stomatal closure for transpiration regulation; reduced uptake Application Technique for Maximum Effectiveness: Foliar Spray Protocol: Sprayer Pressure: 30-50 PSI for fine mist (not coarse droplets) Nozzle Type: Flat fan or cone nozzles (promotes even coverage) Coverage Target: Leaves wet but NOT dripping (point of runoff) Coverage Degree: Ensure 100% leaf surface coverage including undersides Spray Volume: 25-50 gallons/acre in dilute water carrier Surfactant: Optional addition of 0.1% non-ionic surfactant improves leaf adhesion Soil Drench Protocol: Solution Preparation: Dissolve nano calcium in water; ensure complete mixing Application Rate: Apply 2-5 gallons/acre depending on crop Soil Contact: Apply directly to soil at plant base; avoid foliage contact Moisture Status: Soil should be moist but not waterlogged Follow-Up Irrigation: Light irrigation 24 hours post-application helps calcium movement into root zone Irrigation Injection Protocol: Injection Timing: Inject into irrigation line after filter but before emitters Concentration: Inject to achieve desired product concentration in irrigation water Duration: Allow product to distribute throughout irrigation cycle System Flushing: Flush system with clean water for 15 minutes after product injection Seasonal Schedule Summary - General Framework: SPRING (Pre-Bloom to Petal Fall): Week 1-2: Seed treatment or soil drench for newly transplanted crops Week 3-4: Pre-bloom soil applications for perennials Week 5-6: Petal fall - CRITICAL FIRST FOLIAR APPLICATION EARLY SUMMER (Cell Division Phase): Week 7-9: Foliar application every 7-10 days (3-4 applications total) Week 10-12: Transition to every 10-14 day applications SUMMER (Cell Expansion Phase): Week 13-18: Foliar every 10-14 days (supporting fruit enlargement) Soil drench every 14-21 days for root zone support Monitor weather; increase frequency if drought conditions present LATE SUMMER (Storage Quality Phase): Week 19-26 (45 days pre-harvest): Intensify to every 5-7 day applications Focus on fruit surface calcium concentration Applications continue until 10-14 days pre-harvest This phase critical for storage disorder prevention Monitoring Application Effectiveness Visual Indicators of Adequate Calcium Status: Healthy Leaves: Deep green color, no marginal necrosis Strong Stems: Upright posture, no lodging tendency Fruit Quality: Uniform size, firm skin, no early softening Flower Development: Normal flower set without abortions Early Warning Signs of Calcium Deficiency (Despite Applications): Marginal leaf necrosis (brown leaf edges) Blossom end rot appearance (dark sunken spots on fruit bottom) Tip burn in young leafy greens Soft, easily bruised fruit Excessive fruit dropping Poor stem rigidity; early lodging If Deficiency Symptoms Appear: Immediately increase application frequency by 50% (every 3-4 days instead of weekly) Verify soil moisture is adequate (calcium transport depends on water movement) Check pH: if soil pH < 5.5, apply lime for long-term correction Reduce excessive nitrogen applications (high N increases calcium demand) Ensure irrigation uniformity; fix any blocked emitters or dry spots Timing is Everything Nano calcium effectiveness depends entirely on application timing relative to critical development stages. The most important applications are: Petal fall (immediate, within 24-48 hours) - Foundation for disorder-free fruit Every 7-10 days during fruit division/early expansion (Days 5-45) - Sustained calcium accumulation Every 5-7 days during late development (Days 45-Pre-Harvest) - Storage quality assurance Missing early applications cannot be compensated by later applications due to calcium phloem immobility. Plan your nano calcium program with these critical windows as absolute priorities Related Products Hydromax Anpeekay NPK Nano Boron Nano Chitosan Nano Copper Nano Iron Nano Potassium Nano Magnesium More Products Resources Read all

Nano Fertilizers - Our biological products are globally registered and certified in several countries including the United States and UK. Organically certified by Indocert. Nano Fertilizers Precision Nutrition Through Advanced Nano Fertlizers Revolutionize plant nutrition with IndoGulf BioAg’s nano-fertilizer platform—delivering nutrients in a stabilized nano-scale matrix for enhanced uptake, reduced losses, and sustained efficiency across all crop types. Contact us IndoGulf BioAg’s nano-fertilizers use a next-gen nano-scale matrix to deliver ionized nutrients efficiently, enhancing uptake, movement, and metabolic use in plants. Developed in-house, this advanced nano-fertilizer technology overcomes the limitations of conventional fertilizers by improving delivery precision while reducing environmental losses. It stabilizes nutrients in a charged, nano-dispersed form using biocompatible carriers made from amino acids, enzymes, and polymeric complexes. These particles, each under 100 nanometers in size, remain suspended in a colloidal phase to ensure uniform dispersion, targeted absorption, and long-lasting nutrient availability in plants. Core Technology Benefits Controlled, Demand-Driven Release The encapsulation matrix facilitates gradual nutrient availability in response to plant metabolic activity, reducing risks of leaching, fixation, or toxicity due to over-saturation. Charged Nano-Particles for Active Mobility Nutrients remain in plant-available ionic form and are sufficiently small to move systemically via xylem and phloem, reaching high-demand zones with minimal metabolic conversion loss. Multimodal Absorption Penetration occurs through multiple entry points—stomata, cuticle microchannels, and root epidermis—ensuring uptake even under suboptimal root conditions or abiotic stress. Agronomic Benefits Non-Phytotoxic Foliar Application Unlike conventional salt-based foliar fertilizers that risk phytotoxicity, especially under high solar radiation or heat, IndoGulf’s nano-formulations exhibit no leaf burn or tissue damage. The encapsulated form acts as a buffer, preventing rapid osmotic shifts and surface crystallization. Enhanced Nutrient Use Efficiency (NUE) Due to the combination of improved solubility, systemic mobility, and reduced loss, nutrient use efficiency is significantly higher—often reducing total application volumes by up to 50% while maintaining or enhancing yield and quality. No Residue, No Sedimentation The colloidal structure ensures complete solubility and dispersion in water, leaving no residue on foliage and avoiding clogging of spray equipment or drip systems—critical for precision delivery and modern farm logistics. Resilience Under Stress Conditions Nano-delivered nutrients are absorbed even during stomatal closure or drought-induced metabolic slowdown, supporting growth and recovery where conventional inputs fail. This is particularly beneficial in arid, saline, or compacted soil environments. Environmental Stewardship The technology minimizes nutrient runoff into waterways, reduces volatilization (notably of nitrogen forms), and aligns with global goals for sustainable agriculture and regenerative soil management. Formulation Versatility Compatible with most biostimulants, pesticides, and micronutrients. Can be integrated into mixed tank programs without destabilizing other agro-inputs. Fertilize Your Soil for Bountiful Harvests Experience the next generation of fertilization with our nano fertilizers, delivering nutrients at the molecular level for maximum efficiency and minimal environmental impact. Our formulations enhance soil fertility, optimize plant nutrition, and support sustainable farming. What is Nano Fertilizer Types of Nano Fertilizer Why Choose Nano Fertilizer? FAQ FAQ Q.1 Types Of Nano Fertilizer Nano fertilizers include nanoscale nitrogen (Nitromax), NPK blends (Anpeekay NPK), micronutrient mixtures (Micromax), and specialty products like nano silica, iron, boron, and chitosan. Q.2 What is the difference between nano fertilizer and conventional fertilizer? Nano fertilizers consist of nanoparticles (1–100 nm) that enable controlled release and targeted delivery, achieving up to 80% nutrient use efficiency. Conventional fertilizers release nutrients non-selectively, with significant losses through leaching and volatilization 1 . Q.3 What is the difference between nano DAP and NPK? Nano DAP (di-ammonium phosphate) provides nitrogen and phosphorus as nanoparticles for rapid uptake. Nano NPK includes nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a single nanoparticle matrix for balanced, multi-nutrient delivery. Q.4 What are the benefits of Nanosilica fertilizer? Nano silica enhances water-use efficiency, reduces transpiration, increases chlorophyll content, and fortifies plant cell walls against pests and abiotic stresses, leading to healthier, more resilient crops Types of Nano Fertilizer Nano Urea (Nitromax): Controlled-release nitrogen, replacing up to 25 kg of conventional urea with 1 L nano urea. Nano NPK (Anpeekay NPK): Encapsulated N, P, K with colloidal amino acids for balanced nutrition. Nano Micronutrients (Micromax): Blend of Zn, Fe, Mn, Mo, and B in chitosan biopolymer for improved micronutrient uptake. Why Choose Nano Fertilizer? Enhanced Nutrient Efficiency: Up to 80% nutrient use efficiency vs. 30–50% for conventional fertilizers 1 . Environmental Sustainability: Reduced runoff, leaching, and greenhouse gas emissions. Precision Agriculture: Targeted nutrient delivery tailored to crop growth stages and soil conditions. What is Nano Fertilizer? Nano fertilizers are advanced agricultural inputs that contain essential macro- and micronutrients in nanoparticle form (1–100 nm). These small particles improve nutrient absorption, reducing waste and environmental pollution. By delivering nutrients directly to plant cells, nano fertilizers support stronger roots, healthier foliage, and higher yields. Our Products Explore our range of premium Nano Fertilizers tailored to meet your agricultural needs, delivering nutrients at the nano level for enhanced plant uptake and growth. Hydromax A comprehensive liquid nutrient solution containing essential elements such as N, P, K in ionic form, devoid of elements like chlorine found in mineral salts. View Product Anpeekay NPK A non-phosphite phosphorous and potash nutrient, embedded in a matrix of colloidal amino acids and encapsulated using a biopolymer, replacing chemical fertilizers like urea, DAP, and potash. View Product Nano Boron Nano Boron represents a revolutionary advancement in agricultural micronutrient delivery, utilizing cutting-edge nanotechnology to deliver boron as nano-encapsulated particles smaller than 100 nanometers for dramatically enhanced bioavailability and plant uptake efficiency. This sophisticated formulation addresses critical boron deficiency challenges affecting crop productivity worldwide, delivering this essential micronutrient involved in over twelve vital plant physiological processes including cell wall formation, carbohydrate metabolism, pollination, and stress resistance. The innovative nano-encapsulation technology ensures immediate plant availability, enhanced transport through plant tissues, and sustained nutrient release throughout critical growth phases, with research demonstrating yield increases of 20-40% while improving fruit quality and disease resistance. Particularly crucial for boron-sensitive crops including apples, coffee, cabbage, cotton, sunflower, and citrus, this precision nutrition solution ensures optimal nutrition even under challenging environmental conditions where conventional boron sources become ineffective. One liter of Nano Boron is equivalent to 1.6kg of conventional sodium octaborate, providing concentrated nutrition with reduced application volumes and enhanced environmental sustainability. View Product Nano Calcium Nano-sized calcium particles encapsulated by a chitosan-based biopolymer, facilitating bioavailability and addressing soil calcium availability issues, vital for plant growth and function. View Product Nano Chitosan Extracted from natural sources, a linear polysaccharide derived from chitin, possessing phytotonic, fungistatic, and bacteriostatic properties, beneficial for plant health and disease control. View Product Nano Copper Nano-sized copper particles encapsulated in a water suspension, effective in controlling plant pathogenic diseases like downy mildew in grapes, compliant with organic farming standards. View Product Nano Iron Nano iron particles encapsulated by a chitosan-based biopolymer, offering bioavailable iron for crucial biological functions in plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, and enzyme activities. View Product Nano Potassium A form of potassium essential for plant growth, presented in a bioavailable state, vital for plant, microbial, and animal growth, obtained from soil solution and vital for respiration in plants. View Product Nano Magnesium Magnesium is a vital macronutrient for plants, serving as the central component of chlorophyll and playing a crucial role in photosynthesis, enzyme activation, and energy metabolism. It supports protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and overall plant development. Additionally, magnesium is essential for the efficient uptake and utilization of potassium (K), another crucial nutrient responsible for water regulation, enzyme activation, and disease resistance in plants. A deficiency of potassium can lead to stunted growth, leaf chlorosis, weak stems, and reduced resistance to environmental stressors. Nano Mg by IndoGulf BioAg utilizes advanced nano-encapsulation technology, ensuring enhanced nutrient bioavailability and efficient uptake by plants. This technology allows for controlled release and targeted delivery of magnesium, minimizing nutrient loss and improving absorption at the cellular level. With magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) in nanoscale form, Nano Mg optimizes chlorophyll production, photosynthetic efficiency, and stress resilience, ultimately leading to healthier crops and higher yields while indirectly supporting potassium utilization and overall nutrient balance. View Product Nano Manganese Nano manganese particles, essential for plant growth and enzyme functions, offering a high surface area for efficient absorption, promoting optimal plant development. View Product Nano Molybdenum Nano molybdenum particles facilitating effective supplementation in plants, aiding molybdoenzyme activity and addressing internal deficiencies, crucial for plant metabolic processes. View Product Nano Phosphorous Nano phosphorus encapsulated within a chitosan-based biopolymer delivers highly bioavailable phosphorus, a critical nutrient for photosynthesis and respiration in plants. This innovative formulation effectively overcomes phosphorus availability limitations, enhancing nutrient uptake and promoting optimal plant growth and metabolic function. View Product Nano Potassium Nitrate A soluble white solid, providing potassium and nitrate, essential for plant growth, compliant with organic farming standards, replacing inorganic phosphate and potassium supplements. View Product Nano Potassium Phosphate Enters encapsulated, preventing antagonisms. Its organic P and K content replace ten times the inorganic supplements, ensuring optimal crop yield. It replaces dicalcium phosphate and phytase in animal feeds. View Product Nano PUFA Nano polyunsaturated fatty acid particles derived from flaxseed oil, encapsulated in a chitosan-based biopolymer, offering bioavailable lipids for metabolic energy and plant growth. View Product Nano Silica Nano-sized silica particles providing bioavailable silica for plant strength, resilience against stress, and improved resistance to pests and diseases, essential for plant health and vigor. View Product Nano Zinc Nano zinc particles offering bioavailable zinc, crucial for optimal plant growth and development, addressing zinc deficiencies, particularly beneficial in early plant growth stages. View Product Nitromax A nanotechnology-based nitrogen fertilizer enhancing nutrient availability and plant growth, providing sustainable solutions for smart agriculture and climate change adaptation. View Product Micromax A nano micronutrient mixture containing zinc, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, and boron encapsulated in a chitosan-based biopolymer, ensuring bioavailability and plant nutrient uptake. View Product 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all For tailored guidance on nano-formulations suited to your crops and conditions, contact our technical team for expert support. Contact us 1 2 3 ... 100 1 ... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 ... 100

Glomus intraradices is a mycorrhizal fungus that enhances plant nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus, promoting stronger crop growth, yield, and soil health in agriculture. < Microbial Species Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish mutualistic associations with the roots of approximately 80% of terrestrial plant species. Through an extensive extraradical hyphal network, AMF significantly expand the absorptive surface area of root systems, facilitating enhanced uptake of essential nutrients—particularly phosphorus, nitrogen, and micronutrients—beyond the depletion zones of roots. In addition to nutrient acquisition, AMF play a key role in improving plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity by modulating physiological responses and maintaining water balance. At the ecosystem level, AMF contribute to soil aggregation and long-term fertility by secreting glomalin and stabilizing soil particles. This symbiosis forms a foundational component of belowground biodiversity and function, offering a biologically-driven pathway to improved plant performance and soil resilience in both natural and managed systems. Product Enquiry What Why Benefits Practical Applications Buying Guide Maximizing Success FAQ What Are AMF? Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial soil microorganisms that form symbiotic relationships with over 80% of terrestrial plant species. These specialized fungi belong to the phylum Glomeromycota and create intricate networks of microscopic hyphae that extend far beyond plant root systems, effectively serving as extensions of the root network. The symbiotic relationship involves the fungi colonizing plant roots both intracellularly and intercellularly, forming characteristic structures called arbuscules where nutrients are exchanged between the fungus and the plant. mdpi+2 In this mutualistic partnership, plants provide the fungi with sugars produced through photosynthesis, while the AMF dramatically enhance the plant's ability to absorb essential nutrients—particularly phosphorus, nitrogen, and micronutrients—from the soil. This ancient symbiosis, which has existed for approximately 400 million years, represents one of nature's most successful collaborative relationships. mdpi+2 Why AMF Are Essential for Sustainable Agriculture The importance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for sale in modern agriculture cannot be overstated, particularly as the industry faces mounting challenges from climate change, soil degradation, and the need for sustainable farming practices. mdpi Enhanced Nutrient Uptake and Bioavailability AMF excel at improving plant access to immobile nutrients, especially phosphorus, which is often present in soil but locked in forms plants cannot directly absorb. The extensive hyphal networks can explore soil volumes up to 100 times larger than roots alone, accessing nutrients from micropores and soil aggregates that roots cannot penetrate. Studies demonstrate that up to 80% of plant phosphorus uptake can occur through mycorrhizal pathways rather than direct root absorption. nph.onlinelibrary.wiley+3 Soil Health and Structure Improvement These beneficial fungi produce glomalin, a glycoprotein that acts as a natural soil binding agent, creating stable soil aggregates that improve water retention, reduce erosion, and enhance overall soil structure. This aggregation increases water infiltration rates, reduces surface runoff, and provides better gas exchange within the soil profile. frontiersin Stress Tolerance and Resilience Plants colonized by AMF demonstrate significantly improved tolerance to various environmental stresses, including drought, salinity, heavy metals, and temperature extremes. Research shows that mycorrhizal plants can maintain higher photosynthetic rates and biomass production under stress conditions compared to non-mycorrhizal counterparts. frontiersin+1 FAQ General Questions How long does it take to see benefits from AMF inoculation? Initial root colonization typically occurs within 2-4 weeks of application, with visible plant benefits becoming apparent after 6-8 weeks. Maximum benefits develop over the entire growing season as the fungal network matures. mycorrhizae Can AMF be used with all plant species? AMF form symbiotic relationships with approximately 80% of plant species. Notable exceptions include members of the Brassicaceae family (cabbage, broccoli, radishes) and some other plant families that do not form mycorrhizal associations. ruralsprout+1 Do AMF work in all soil types? AMF can function in most soil types but are particularly beneficial in nutrient-poor soils or those with low phosphorus availability. They are less effective in soils with very high phosphorus levels, which can suppress symbiotic development. academic.oup+2 How do soil pH and environmental conditions affect AMF? AMF can tolerate a wide pH range (5.0-8.5) but function optimally in slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH 6.0-7.5). Extreme pH conditions can limit fungal diversity and effectiveness. frontiersin+1 Application and Management When should I avoid using chemical fertilizers with AMF? High levels of readily available phosphorus (>50 ppm) can inhibit AMF development. When using AMF, reduce phosphorus fertilizer applications and rely on the fungi to improve phosphorus availability from existing soil reserves. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Can I apply AMF through irrigation systems? Yes, properly formulated liquid AMF products can be applied through drip irrigation or fertigation systems. Ensure the product is designed for irrigation use and filter out any large particles that might clog emitters. rd2 What happens to AMF during soil cultivation? Intensive tillage can damage fungal networks and reduce AMF effectiveness. When possible, use minimal tillage practices or reapply AMF after soil disturbance. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih How do I know if my AMF application was successful? Root colonization assessment requires laboratory analysis, but indicators of successful inoculation include improved plant vigor, enhanced stress tolerance, and reduced fertilizer requirements. Soil tests may show improved nutrient availability over time. Troubleshooting and Optimization Why might AMF inoculation fail to show benefits? Common causes include poor product quality, inappropriate storage, excessive phosphorus fertilization, fungicide applications, extreme soil conditions, or application to non-host plant species. mdpi+1 Can I make my own AMF inoculum? While possible, producing quality AMF inoculum requires specialized techniques and equipment. Commercial products typically provide more consistent results and guaranteed quality standards. projects.sare How do AMF interact with existing soil microorganisms? AMF generally work synergistically with beneficial soil microorganisms and can even help recruit beneficial bacteria to the root zone. However, they may compete with pathogenic organisms for resources and root colonization sites. nph.onlinelibrary.wiley Practical Applications of AMF Agricultural Applications Field Crops: AMF have demonstrated particular effectiveness in cereals, legumes, and root vegetables. In maize production, inoculation consistently improves nutrient uptake and stress tolerance. Soybeans show enhanced nodulation and nitrogen fixation when co-inoculated with both rhizobia and AMF.mdpi+2 Horticultural Systems: Vegetable production benefits significantly from mycorrhizal inoculation, with improved transplant success rates, enhanced fruit quality, and reduced fertilizer requirements. Greenhouse production systems see particular benefits due to the controlled environment's compatibility with fungal establishment.scielo Fruit Tree Production: Orchard crops demonstrate improved establishment, drought tolerance, and fruit production when inoculated with AMF. The symbiosis is particularly valuable during the vulnerable establishment period following planting.indogulfbioag Specialized Growing Systems Hydroponic Integration: Recent research demonstrates that AMF can be successfully integrated into hydroponic systems, providing benefits even in soilless growing media. The fungi help maintain root health and improve nutrient utilization in these intensive production systems.indogulfbioag Restoration and Rehabilitation: AMF are essential for ecosystem restoration projects, helping establish plant communities on degraded soils and improving long-term site stability.mdpi Urban Agriculture: Container growing and rooftop gardens benefit from AMF inoculation, which helps plants cope with the limited soil volumes and stressful conditions common in urban environments. Comprehensive Buying Guide for AMF Quality Indicators and Standards When selecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for sale, several critical factors determine product quality and effectiveness:lebanonturf+1 Spore Count and Viability: High-quality products contain minimum concentrations of 100-300 viable spores per gram, with clear labeling of spore density at manufacture date. Products should include expiration dates and guarantee viability throughout the specified shelf life.cdnsciencepub+1 Species Diversity: Premium formulations contain multiple AMF species to ensure compatibility across different plant types and soil conditions. Look for products containing proven effective strains such as Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum.rd2+1 Carrier and Formulation Quality: Stable formulations avoid ingredients that can desiccate or kill fungal propagules. Quality products use inert carriers and avoid excessive moisture or soluble salts that compromise fungal viability.lebanonturf Product Types and Formulations Granular Products: Ideal for soil incorporation during planting or transplanting. These products typically have longer shelf life and are easier to handle in larger applications.rd2 Liquid Concentrates: Suitable for drip irrigation systems and foliar applications, though they may have shorter shelf life and require careful storage.rd2 Powder Formulations: Excellent for seed coating and root dipping applications, offering precise application control and good soil integration.rd2 Tablet or Slow-Release Forms: Convenient for individual plant applications, particularly in landscaping and containerized plant production. Storage and Handling Requirements Proper storage is critical for maintaining fungal viability:lebanonturf Temperature Control: Store products at cool, consistent temperatures, ideally between 50-70°F (10-21°C). Avoid exposure to freezing temperatures or excessive heat. Moisture Management: Maintain low moisture conditions to prevent premature spore germination while avoiding desiccation. Optimal moisture content typically ranges from 5-10%. Light Protection: Store products in opaque containers away from direct sunlight, which can damage fungal propagules. Chemical Compatibility: Keep AMF products separate from fungicides, chemical fertilizers, and other compounds that may reduce fungal viability. Scientific Benefits of AMF Quantifiable Agricultural Impacts Recent meta-analyses provide compelling evidence for AMF effectiveness in agricultural systems. A comprehensive study of 231 potato field trials across Europe and North America revealed an average yield increase of 9.5% (3.9 tons/hectare), with nearly 80% of trials exceeding the profitability threshold. Similar benefits have been documented across diverse crops, with some studies reporting yield increases of 50% or more in nutrient-limited soils.pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Biocontrol and Disease Resistance AMF provide natural protection against soil-borne pathogens through multiple mechanisms:indogulfbioag+1 Competition for Resources: The fungi outcompete harmful microorganisms for root colonization sites and soil nutrients. Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR): AMF trigger the plant's natural defense mechanisms, creating a primed immune system that responds more effectively to pathogen attacks.frontiersin Physical Barriers: The fungal networks create protective biofilms around roots that prevent pathogen infiltration. Enhanced Plant Health: Better-nourished plants with robust root systems are naturally more resistant to disease and pest pressure. Carbon Sequestration and Climate Benefits AMF play a crucial role in global carbon cycling, with estimates suggesting they sequester approximately 13 gigatons of CO₂ equivalent annually—equivalent to 36% of annual fossil fuel emissions. The fungi facilitate carbon translocation from plants into soil aggregates, where it remains stable for extended periods.indogulfbioag Maximizing Success with AMF Best Practices for Implementation Start Early: Apply AMF at planting or transplanting for optimal colonization and maximum benefit duration.mycorrhizae+1 Create Favorable Conditions: Maintain appropriate soil moisture, avoid excessive chemical inputs, and minimize soil disturbance to support fungal establishment.pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Monitor and Adjust: Track plant performance, soil health indicators, and adjust fertilizer programs to complement AMF activity.agrarforschungschweiz Quality Assurance: Source products from reputable suppliers with quality guarantees and proper storage recommendations.lebanonturf+1 Integration with Sustainable Agriculture AMF represent a cornerstone technology for sustainable agricultural systems, offering multiple benefits that align with environmental stewardship goals. By reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers, improving soil health, and enhancing crop resilience, these beneficial fungi contribute to agricultural systems that are both productive and environmentally responsible.maxapress+1 The growing body of scientific evidence supporting AMF effectiveness, combined with improving product quality and application techniques, positions arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as an essential tool for modern agriculture. As farmers and growers increasingly recognize the value of biological solutions, AMF adoption will continue to expand, contributing to more sustainable and resilient food production systems worldwide. Through careful product selection, proper application, and integration with sound agricultural practices, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for sale offer producers a proven pathway to enhanced crop performance, improved soil health, and sustainable agricultural success. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Our Products Explore our premium AMF products, specially formulated to enhance nutrient uptake, boost root growth, and improve plant resilience in agricultural soils, fostering healthier, high-yield crops. Glomus mosseae Glomus mosseae (Funneliformis mosseae) is a highly effective and widely distributed species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF). These fungi are obligate biotrophs, meaning they form a symbiotic (mutualistic) relationship with the roots of over 80% of terrestrial plant species, including a vast majority of agricultural and horticultural crops. This partnership enhances plant growth, improves nutrient uptake, and increases tolerance to various environmental stresses. G. mosseae is recognized for its broad host range and adaptability to diverse soil conditions, making it a valuable component of sustainable agricultural and horticultural practices. View Species Rhizophagus Intraradices Rhizophagus intraradices (previously Glomus intraradices) is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus used in agriculture, that improves root structure enhances plant nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus, improving plant growth, stress resilience, and soil health in sustainable agriculture. View Species Serendipita indica Serendipita indica (formerly Piriformospora indica) is a highly effective endophytic fungus recognized for significantly boosting plant growth, resilience, and productivity through beneficial root colonization. Known for its wide range of beneficial effects, Serendipita indica is extensively utilized in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and medicinal plant cultivation to optimize plant health and performance. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Post Harvest Treatment - Lactic Cultures is a bio-preservation technique with the use of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). < Microbial Species Post Harvest Treatment Post Harvest Treatments involve biological or chemical methods applied to harvested crops to prevent spoilage, extend shelf life, and maintain quality during storage and transportation. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Post-harvest treatments refer to the various techniques and practices employed to preserve the quality, freshness, and shelf life of agricultural produce after harvesting. These treatments aim to minimize post-harvest losses, prevent spoilage, and maintain the nutritional value of fruits, vegetables, grains, and other perishable commodities during storage, transportation, and marketing. Why is it important Extended Shelf Life : Post-harvest treatments help prolong the shelf life of agricultural produce, allowing for longer storage periods and reducing the risk of spoilage and waste. Quality Preservation : Treatments such as washing, waxing, and packaging help maintain the appearance, texture, and flavor of fruits and vegetables, enhancing consumer appeal and marketability. Reduced Economic Losses : By minimizing post-harvest losses due to spoilage, rot, or physical damage, post-harvest treatments contribute to improved profitability and economic sustainability for growers, distributors, and retailers. How it works Types of Post-Harvest Treatments Cleaning and Sanitation : Washing and sanitizing fruits, vegetables, and packaging materials remove dirt, debris, and microbial contaminants, reducing the risk of decay and microbial spoilage. Waxing and Coating : Applying edible coatings or waxes to produce forms a protective barrier that reduces moisture loss, inhibits microbial growth, and enhances the appearance and shelf life of fruits and vegetables. Temperature Management : Cooling and refrigeration slow down physiological processes such as respiration and ripening, preserving the freshness and quality of perishable commodities during storage and transportation. Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) : Packaging produce in controlled atmospheres with reduced oxygen and elevated carbon dioxide levels slows down ripening, inhibits microbial growth, and extends shelf life. Chemical Treatments : Application of fungicides, insecticides, or antimicrobial agents helps control post-harvest diseases, pests, and microbial spoilage, ensuring product quality and safety. Integrated Post-Harvest Management Effective post-harvest management involves the integration of multiple treatments and practices tailored to specific crops, storage conditions, and market requirements. By adopting a holistic approach to post-harvest handling, growers and stakeholders can maximize product quality, minimize losses, and meet consumer demand for fresh, safe, and nutritious food. FAQ Content coming soon! Post Harvest Treatment Our Products Explore our range of premium Post Harvest Treatment options tailored to meet your agricultural needs, extending shelf life and preserving quality from harvest to market. Lactic Cultures Lactic Cultures use Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) to preserve freshness post-harvest by producing antimicrobial compounds that inhibit harmful microorganisms. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Indogulf BioAg is a Manufacturer & Global Exporter of Larvicides for plants, bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, Lysinibacillus Sphaericus & other Bacterias. Contact us @ +1 437 774 3831 < Microbial Species Larvicides Larvicides are highly effective solutions for managing the larval stages of harmful pests in agriculture and public health. By targeting larvae directly, larvicides disrupt pest life cycles, reducing populations and minimizing damage to crops and the environment. These products offer a sustainable and precise alternative to broad-spectrum pesticides, especially when integrated with environmentally conscious farming practices. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Larvicides are biological or chemical substances specifically designed to kill insect larvae. In agricultural and pest management contexts, larvicides are crucial for controlling pests that cause significant damage, such as plant hoppers and soil-borne insect pests. Key larvicidal agents include beneficial bacteria like Lysinibacillus sphaericus , Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis , Bacillus popilliae , and Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki , which provide environmentally friendly pest control solutions. Larvicides are substances or agents specifically designed to kill the larval stage of insects, particularly mosquitoes and other pest species. Larvicides are crucial tools in integrated vector management (IVM) programs aimed at controlling insect-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus. Why is it important Preventative Approach : Targeting the larval stage of insects interrupts their life cycle, preventing the development of adult mosquitoes and reducing the risk of disease transmission. Environmentally Friendly : Larvicides can be highly selective, targeting only specific larval stages of pests and minimizing harm to non-target organisms, including beneficial insects and aquatic life. Reduced Resistance Development : By targeting mosquitoes at an early stage of their life cycle, larvicides help mitigate the development of resistance to adulticides and other control measures. Larvicides, especially those based on beneficial bacteria like Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis and Lysinibacillus sphaericus , are essential tools for managing pests such as plant hoppers, mosquito larvae, and soil-borne grubs. These targeted solutions minimize environmental impact, reduce pesticide resistance, and enhance crop protection, making them a cornerstone of modern pest management How it works Larvicides employ various modes of action to control mosquito larvae: Larvicides employ various mechanisms to control pest larvae, ensuring precision and effectiveness: Toxin Production : Beneficial bacteria like Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produce crystal proteins that disrupt the digestive systems of insect larvae, leading to their death. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti), for example, is particularly effective against mosquito larvae, while Bacillus popilliae targets grubs of scarab beetles. Endotoxins and Pathogenicity : Lysinibacillus sphaericus produces highly specific endotoxins that paralyze mosquito larvae, reducing populations in stagnant water bodies and agricultural fields. Soil-Borne Pest Control : Bacterial larvicides combat root-feeding pests, preserving plant root health and promoting crop productivity. Chemical Larvicides : Chemical larvicides, such as synthetic insect growth regulators (IGRs) or organophosphates, disrupt the development of mosquito larvae, preventing them from reaching adulthood. Physical Larvicides : Some larvicides, such as oils or monomolecular films, create a physical barrier on the water surface, suffocating mosquito larvae by blocking their access to oxygen. Integrated Larvicidal Strategies Effective larvicidal programs often involve a combination of larvicides with larval habitat management, community engagement, and surveillance efforts. This integrated approach maximizes the impact of larvicides while minimizing environmental risks and promoting sustainable pest management practices. FAQ Content coming soon! Larvicides Our Products Explore our range of premium Larvicides tailored to meet your agricultural needs, providing effective control over larvae populations and safeguarding your crops. Bacillus popilliae Bacillus popilliae a beneficial bacterium targeting Japanese beetle grubs. Safe for non-target organisms, no adverse effects on humans or environment. Provides long-term pest control without residue. View Species Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) is a naturally occurring bacterium that has revolutionized pest control with its environmentally friendly and highly effective approach. Bti specifically targets the larvae of mosquitoes, blackflies, and fungus gnats, making it an essential tool for managing pests in residential, agricultural, and commercial settings. When applied to breeding sites, Bti releases protein toxins that are ingested by the larvae. These toxins disrupt the larvae's digestive system, leading to their death within hours. Remarkably, Bti’s mechanism of action is species-specific, ensuring that it poses no harm to beneficial insects, plants, animals, or humans. Additionally, it breaks down quickly in the environment, leaving no harmful residues behind. This powerful yet safe solution is a cornerstone in integrated pest management, trusted by professionals worldwide for its ability to protect public health and the environment. From controlling mosquitoes that spread diseases to managing agricultural pests, Bti provides a sustainable alternative to chemical insecticides. View Species Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium naturally found in soils worldwide. It is renowned for its specificity and effectiveness in managing lepidopteran pests, particularly during the larval stage. As a biological insecticide, Btk has become a cornerstone of integrated pest management (IPM) and organic agriculture, combining high efficacy with environmental safety. View Species Lysinibacillus sphaericus Lysinibacillus sphaericus, bacterium targeting mosquito larvae and other insect pests like gold-fringed moths and rice stem borers. Safe for non-target species and rapidly degrades in the environment. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Indogulf BioAg is a Manufacturer & Global Exporter of Pesticides & Insecticides, beauveria bassiana, Hirsutella thompsonii, Metarhizium & other Bacterias. Contact us @ +1 437 774 3831 < Microbial Species Biocontrol Biocontrol is the use of beneficial natural organisms to control agricultural pests and diseases, such as root nematodes, powdery mildew, and whiteflies. By minimizing the reliance on chemical pesticides, biocontrol promotes sustainable farming practices, enhances soil health, and protects the environment. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Biocontrol agents are natural organisms, including predatory insects, parasitic nematodes, fungi, bacteria, and viruses, that actively suppress pests and pathogens. These agents offer an effective and environmentally friendly approach to managing common agricultural challenges like root-knot nematodes, fusarium wilt, and downy mildew. Key Benefits of Biocontrol Agents Reduced Environmental Impact Biocontrol agents are highly targeted, controlling pests such as root nematodes and pathogens like powdery mildew without harming beneficial organisms. This reduces chemical residues in soil and water, preserving biodiversity. Effective Pest Management Biocontrol agents provide sustainable solutions for pests resistant to chemical pesticides, such as whiteflies, and diseases like fusarium wilt and downy mildew. They are vital components of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Long-Term Sustainability By fostering natural predators and beneficial soil microbes, biocontrol agents combat nematodes in soil and other pests, promoting healthier ecosystems and more resilient agricultural systems. Why is it important Biocontrol is a scientifically proven method to tackle key agricultural pests and diseases like root-knot nematodes, powdery mildew, whiteflies, and fusarium wilt. By integrating biocontrol agents into pest management programs, farmers can reduce chemical pesticide usage, enhance soil and plant health, and promote sustainable farming practices. Reduced Environmental Impact : Biocontrol agents target specific pests or pathogens, minimizing harm to non-target organisms and reducing chemical pollution in soil and water. Effective Pest Management : Biocontrol agents can provide effective control over pests that are resistant to chemical pesticides, offering a viable alternative in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Long-Term Sustainability : By promoting natural predators and beneficial organisms, biocontrol agents contribute to balanced ecosystems and sustainable agricultural practices. How it works Biocontrol agents use multiple mechanisms to manage pests and diseases, ensuring targeted and effective control: Predation : Predatory insects like lady beetles and lacewings feed on pests, including whiteflies and aphids, reducing their populations naturally. Parasitism : Parasitic organisms, such as nematodes, attack root-knot nematodes and other soil-borne pests by infiltrating their bodies and incapacitating them. Pathogenicity : Fungi like Trichoderma harzianum and Beauveria bassiana infect pests or pathogens, suppressing diseases such as fusarium wilt and powdery mildew. Competition and Displacement : Beneficial bacteria, such as Pseudomonas fluorescens , outcompete harmful pathogens and pests for space and resources, disrupting their ability to thrive in the soil or on plants. FAQ What is biocontrol? Biocontrol (biological control) uses living organisms—such as beneficial insects, nematodes, fungi, bacteria, and viruses—to suppress agricultural pests and diseases, offering an eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides. What are bio pest control agents? Bio pest control agents are natural organisms (e.g., Trichoderma harzianum , Beauveria bassiana , predatory insects, parasitic nematodes) that target specific pests like root-knot nematodes, whiteflies, and aphids without harming non-target species. How do biocontrol agents work? They employ multiple mechanisms: Predation : Predatory insects consume pests directly. Parasitism : Parasitic nematodes or fungi infiltrate and kill soil pests. Pathogenicity : Entomopathogenic fungi infect and suppress disease-causing pathogens. Competition : Beneficial bacteria outcompete harmful microbes for resources. Are biocontrol agents safe for the environment and humans? Yes. Biocontrol agents are highly specific, minimizing impact on non-target organisms and ecosystems. They leave no harmful residues in soil, water, or food and are generally recognized as safe for humans and wildlife when used as directed. When and how should I apply biocontrol agents? Application timing and method depend on the agent: Soil drench : Apply beneficial nematodes or fungi at planting or transplanting. Foliar spray : Release predatory insects or spray fungal spores when pest pressure appears. Seed treatment : Coat seeds with bacterial or fungal inoculants before sowing. Follow product guidelines for dosage and environmental conditions. Can biocontrol replace chemical pesticides entirely? While biocontrol is highly effective, integrated pest management (IPM) often combines biological agents with cultural practices, resistant varieties, and minimal chemical use to achieve optimal control and sustainability. How long does biocontrol protection last? Protection duration varies by agent and environment. Some organisms establish long-term populations in soil or on plant surfaces, offering season-long control, while others may require periodic reapplication to maintain efficacy. Biocontrol Our Products Explore our range of premium Biocontrol solutions tailored to meet your agricultural needs, harnessing the power of beneficial organisms to manage pests effectively. Beauveria bassiana Beauveria bassiana is a beneficial entomopathogenic fungus used as a biological insecticide to effectively control termites, thrips, whiteflies, aphids, beetles, and other pests. Its spores attach to the insect’s exoskeleton, penetrate the body, and proliferate, ultimately leading to pest mortality while preventing resistance development. This eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides provides long-lasting, broad-spectrum pest control and integrates seamlessly into integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Safe for beneficial insects and pollinators, Beauveria bassiana is applied via foliar sprays, soil drenches, and termite baiting, offering sustainable protection in agriculture, greenhouses, and urban pest management View Species Hirsutella thompsonii Hirsutella Thompsonii is a beneficial fungus used to control various small arachnids such as mites. It produces spores that penetrate the mite's cuticle, leading to paralysis and death. View Species Isaria fumosorosea Isaria fumosorosea is a beneficial fungus that acts as a biological insecticide against plant sap-sucking insects like aphids, mites, and mealybugs by disabling their exoskeletons. View Species Lecanicillium lecanii Effective against greenhouse whitefly by penetrating their cuticle, disabling or killing them. View Species Metarhizium anisopliae Metarhizium anisopliae is a globally distributed entomopathogenic fungus that parasitizes over 200 insect species by adhering to and penetrating their cuticle using specialized appressoria and cuticle-degrading enzymes. Its safety profile includes minimal vertebrate toxicity and limited non-target impacts when used at label rates, making it a key component of integrated pest management. View Species Nomuraea rileyi Nomuraea Rileyi is a beneficial fungus used as a biological pest control agent targeting lepidopteran insects. It results in an outbreak in the insect host population. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Indogulf BioAg is a Manufacturer & Global Exporter of Phosphorous solubilising, Bacillus Megaterium, Aspergillus, Pseudomonas & other Bacterias. Contact us @ +1 437 774 3831 < Microbial Species Phosphorous Solubilizing Bacteria Phosphorous Solubilizing Bacteria convert insoluble phosphates into soluble forms that plants can absorb, improving phosphorus availability and promoting stronger root development. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) are a group of beneficial microorganisms that enhance the availability of phosphorus in the soil. Phosphorus is a crucial nutrient for plants, playing a key role in energy transfer, photosynthesis, and nutrient movement within the plant. However, much of the phosphorus in soil exists in insoluble forms that plants cannot absorb. PSB convert these insoluble forms into soluble phosphorus that plants can utilize. Why is it important Phosphorus is essential for plant growth, yet it is often a limiting nutrient in many soils due to its low solubility. The importance of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria includes: Enhanced Nutrient Availability : PSB increase the availability of phosphorus, promoting healthier and more robust plant growth. Improved Soil Fertility : By converting insoluble phosphorus compounds into forms accessible to plants, PSB contribute to overall soil fertility and ecosystem health. Sustainable Agriculture : Utilizing PSB can r educe the dependence on chemical phosphorus fertilizers , leading to more environmentally friendly and sustainable farming practices. How it works Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria employ several mechanisms to convert insoluble phosphorus into soluble forms: Organic Acid Production : PSB secrete organic acids such as citric acid, gluconic acid, and oxalic acid. These acids lower the pH around the bacteria, dissolving insoluble phosphate compounds and releasing soluble phosphorus ions that plants can absorb. Enzymatic Activity : Some PSB produce enzymes like phosphatases that break down organic phosphorus compounds into inorganic forms, making phosphorus available to plants. Ion Exchange Reactions : PSB can exchange ions in the soil , such as hydrogen ions (H+), with phosphate ions (PO4^3-), effectively mobilizing phosphorus from soil particles into the soil solution. By employing these mechanisms, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria play a vital role in enhancing phosphorus availability in the soil, supporting plant nutrition, and contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. FAQ What are examples of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria? Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) represent a diverse group of microorganisms distributed across multiple bacterial genera. The most commonly isolated and commercially utilized PSB include: Primary PSB Genera Bacillus Species: Bacillus megaterium – One of the most efficient and widely used PSB, known for high phosphate solubilization rates and production of organic acids and phosphatase enzymes Bacillus firmus – Enhances phosphorus availability and promotes root growth Bacillus polymyxa – Combines phosphate solubilization with nitrogen fixation capability Bacillus subtilis – Effective phosphate solubilizer with biofilm formation ability Bacillus licheniformis – Produces multiple organic acids for phosphate dissolution Pseudomonas Species: Pseudomonas fluorescens – Widely researched PGPR producing gluconic acid and multiple plant growth-promoting compounds; increases crop yields in various crops Pseudomonas putida – Produces indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) promoting root architecture and contains 195.42 mg/mL soluble phosphorus production capacity Pseudomonas striata – Improves soil health and plant drought tolerance Pseudomonas aeruginosa – Enhanced plant growth parameters under various fertilization levels Various Pseudomonas isolates (PsT-04c, PsT-94s, PsT-116, PsT-124, PsT-130) – Isolated from tomato rhizosphere with solubilization indices (SI) ≥2 Other Important PSB Genera Arthrobacter Species: Arthrobacter sp. PSB-5 – Shows excellent tricalcium phosphate solubilization performance Arthrobacter sp. NF 528 – Dual nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing capabilities Burkholderia Species: Burkholderia cepacia – Reported for long-term yield-increasing effects and efficient phosphate solubilization Additional PSB Genera: Azotobacter species – Combines nitrogen fixation with phosphate solubilization Serratia species – Effective inorganic phosphate solubilizers Micrococcus species – Phosphate-solubilizing capability in soil environments Azospirillum species – Plant growth-promoting with phosphate effects Fungal PSB While bacteria are more commonly used, fungi also possess significant phosphate-solubilizing capability: Aspergillus niger – Efficient organic and inorganic phosphate solubilizer Penicillium notatum – Increases dry matter, yield, protein, oil content and phosphorus levels Bacillus mucilaginosus – Shows strong phosphorus dissociation ability and biofilm formation Quantifiable Performance Research shows specific PSB examples with measured performance: Pseudomonas sp. PSB-2: Released 195.42 mg/mL soluble phosphorus, significantly enhanced plant fresh weight (+47%), plant dry weight, and plant height in Chinese cabbage trials Bacillus megaterium: Increased solubilization index with 29-fold increase in attached microbial biomass phosphorus Pseudomonas fluorescens: Exhibited 73.22 mg/mL soluble phosphorus production Combined Bacillus megaterium and Azotobacter chroococcum : Achieved 10-20% yield increase in wheat How to make phosphate-solubilizing bacteria? Production of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria involves several methods, ranging from laboratory isolation to industrial-scale fermentation for commercial biofertilizer production. Step 1: Isolation of PSB from Soil Sample Collection: Collect soil samples (10g) from healthy plant rhizospheres Choose agricultural areas with diverse vegetation Collect multiple samples for strain diversity Selective Media Preparation: Prepare phosphate-selective media (PSM) containing: Nutrient broth (50 mL) + Sterile distilled water (90 mL) Insoluble phosphate sources: AlPO₄, FePO₄, or tricalcium phosphate (TCP) pH adjustment to 7.0-7.2 Enrichment Culture Process: Add 10g soil to 140 mL phosphate-selective media Incubate at 130 rpm orbital shaker at 30°C for 7 days This selective enrichment favors phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms Step 2: Serial Dilution and Plating Dilution Series: Prepare serial dilutions from 10⁻¹ to 10⁻⁸ of the enriched culture Dilutions separate individual colonies for isolation Plating Methods: Surface Seeding: Spread 1 mL of dilution on plate count agar (PCA) medium Deep Seeding: Place 1 mL at bottom of Petri dish Media composition (PCA): Tryptone 5 g/L, yeast extract 2.5 g/L, glucose 1 g/L, agar 12 g/L Incubate at 30°C for 24 hours Step 3: Selection and Identification of PSB Halo Zone Formation: Phosphate-solubilizing colonies produce clear halo zones on Pikovskaya's medium (PVK) Halo formation indicates active phosphate solubilization Incubate plates 5-7 days at 28-32°C to observe clear zones Solubilization Index (SI) Calculation: SI = (Colony Diameter + Halo Zone Diameter) / Colony Diameter SI ≥ 2.0 indicates good solubilizers Measure after 7, 14, and 21 days of incubation Select isolates with highest SI values Alternative Screening Media: NBRIP Medium (National Botanical Research Institute's Phosphate): Glucose 10 g/L Tricalcium phosphate 5 g/L MgCl₂·6H₂O 5 g/L MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.25 g/L KCl 0.2 g/L (NH₄)₂SO₄ 0.1 g/L Morphological and Biochemical Identification: Gram staining (Gram-positive or negative) Endospore staining KOH test for genus-level identification Compare with Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology Step 4: Purification Successive Subculturing: Subculture isolated colonies multiple times until homogeneous culture obtained All colonies become identical after 3-5 successive subcultures Achieve pure culture status Step 5: Characterization of PSB Phosphate Solubilization Testing: Solid Medium Test: Measure solubilization halo diameter Colony diameter (CD) and halo diameter (HD) measurement after 7, 14, 21 days Calculate solubilization index (SI) = (CD + HD) / CD Liquid Medium Test (Quantitative): Inoculate NBRIP broth with fresh bacterial culture (200 µL, OD 0.8 = 5×10⁸ CFU/mL) 50 mL NBRIP + 0.5% tricalcium phosphate Incubate 28±2°C for 7 days at 180 rpm Centrifuge 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes Measure soluble phosphorus by vanado-molybdate yellow colorimetric method at 430 nm Measure pH at days 3 and 7 (optimal ≤6.0 for solubilization) Organic Acid Production: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) or HPLC/MS analysis Identify specific organic acids (gluconic acid, citric acid, maleic acid) Commonly detected acids: Gluconic acid (most common) Citric acid Malic acid Oxalic acid Step 6: Mass Culture Production Liquid Culture for Biofertilizer: Inoculate selected PSB strain in liquid medium at scale-up volumes Maintain 28±2°C temperature control Aeration: 180 rpm orbital shaking Growth period: 7-14 days Preparation of McFarland Standards: Prepare 0.5 McFarland standard for bacterial cultures Optical density (OD) adjustment to standardize cell concentration Ensures consistent inoculum preparation Formulation of Commercial Biofertilizer: For 300 mL of microbial culture, add 200 mL Pikovskaya's broth Use rock phosphate (RP) instead of TCP for field application stability Alternative carriers include peat, lignite, or biochar Final product contains 10⁸-10⁹ CFU/g Step 7: Quality Control and Storage Viability Testing: Colony-forming unit (CFU) counting before storage Target: >10⁸ CFU/g for effective biofertilizer Plate count agar method for enumeration Storage Conditions: Room temperature storage (25°C): 3-6 months viability Refrigerated storage (4°C): 12-24 months viability Freeze-dried formulations: 2-3 years viability Minimize light exposure Alternative Production Methods Industrial-Scale Fermentation: Use of bioreactors with controlled aeration, temperature, pH Fed-batch or continuous fermentation approaches Typical fermentation volume: 1000-10000 L Production cost optimization: $20-50/kg final product Solid-State Fermentation: Growth on carrier materials (rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, peat) Lower cost than liquid fermentation Suitable for small-scale production What are the examples of phosphorus biofertilizers? Phosphorus biofertilizers are commercial products or formulations containing phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms designed to enhance phosphorus availability in agricultural soils. They represent an environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic phosphate fertilizers. Commercial Phosphorus Biofertilizer Examples Product Names and Compositions: PSB (Phosphate Solubilizing Biofertilizer) – Contains Bacillus megaterium or Pseudomonas fluorescens Bio-Phosphate – Apatite mineral-based with 30-36% P₂O₅ content, macroporous structure IFFCO PSB – Commercial formulation containing selected PSB strains RootX and BoostX (IndoGulf BioAg products) – Specialized phosphorus-mobilizing microbial consortia Single-Organism Biofertilizers Bacillus-based Biofertilizers: Bacillus megaterium – Promotes early crop establishment, accelerated phenological development Bacillus firmus – Enhances fruit quality, protects against soil-borne diseases Bacillus polymyxa – Aids bioremediation and improves soil health Performance: 10-20% yield increase in cereals Pseudomonas-based Biofertilizers: Pseudomonas fluorescens – Increased yield in sweet potato and other crops Pseudomonas putida – Degrades organic pollutants, improves soil structure Pseudomonas striata – Optimizes soil nutrition for sustained productivity Azotobacter-based Biofertilizers: Azotobacter chroococcum – Better wheat performance, synergistic with PSB Combined effect: Up to 43% yield increase with Bacillus strains Consortia-Based Biofertilizers Multi-organism Formulations: Bacillus megaterium + Azotobacter chroococcum consortium Performance: 10-20% wheat yield increase Benefits: Synergistic phosphorus and nitrogen effects Pseudomonas fluorescens + Mycorrhizal fungi combination Performance: Enhanced phosphorus and nutrient uptake Additional disease suppression benefits Fungal Phosphorus Biofertilizers Aspergillus-based Formulations: Aspergillus niger + Penicillium notatum consortium Effects on peanut: Dry matter increase Yield improvement Protein content increase Oil content increase Nitrogen and phosphorus level enhancement Hybrid Phosphorus Biofertilizers Combined Product Types: Phosphorus + Nitrogen Fixation – PSB combined with nitrogen-fixing bacteria ( Rhizobium , Azospirillum ) Addresses both P and N limitations Reduces requirement for both phosphate and nitrogenous fertilizers by 30-50% Phosphorus + Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Co-inoculation of PSB with AMF increases P conversion efficiency More complete phosphorus mobilization Root colonization 5-14 times higher Phosphorus + Biocontrol Organisms PSB combined with pathogen-suppressing bacteria Simultaneous nutrient improvement and disease reduction Commercial Application Examples Typical Field Applications: Application rate: 0.2-1.5 tons/hectare depending on soil quality Methods: Seed treatment, seedling dip, soil inoculation Compatibility: Biofertilizers compatible with bio-pesticides and other biopesticides Crop-Specific Biofertilizers: Paddy (Rice) – PSB addressing phosphorus deficiency in subtropical rice soils Legumes – PSB with Rhizobium for nitrogen and phosphorus synergy Vegetables – Enhanced growth in tomato, cauliflower, sweet potato Fruit Crops – Improved fruit quality and yield in guava, citrus Cereals – Wheat yield increase 30-43% reported; sugarcane yield promoted Performance Specifications Standard Product Specifications: Colony-forming unit (CFU) count: >10⁸ CFU/g minimum Moisture content: 8-12% for powder formulations Shelf life: 12-24 months under recommended storage (4°C) pH stability: Function optimally at pH 6.5-8.0 Quantified Effectiveness: PSB inoculation yield increase: 10-25% without adverse soil/environmental effects Phosphorus use efficiency: Improved by 175-190% Plant height increase: Up to 15.8% with PSB strains Aboveground biomass: Increase comparable to 100% chemical fertilization with 50% nitrogen reduction What is phosphorus solubilizing biofertilizer? Phosphorus solubilizing biofertilizer is a biological product containing live phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms that enhances the availability and plant uptake of phosphorus from soil reserves and applied phosphate sources. Definition and Concept Phosphorus solubilizing biofertilizer is specifically formulated to contain: Active Microorganisms: Viable cells of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria or fungi (typically >10⁸ CFU/g) Carrier Medium: Inert material (peat, lignite, biochar, rock phosphate) providing substrate and structural support Nutrients and Cofactors: Essential elements supporting microbial activity and phosphorus solubilization Plant Growth-Promoting Traits: Additional benefits beyond phosphate solubilization Core Functions Primary Function - Phosphate Solubilization: Converts insoluble phosphates (tricalcium phosphate, iron phosphate, aluminum phosphate) into bioavailable orthophosphate Mineralizes organic phosphorus compounds into plant-available forms Prevents re-precipitation of released phosphorus Mechanisms of Action: Organic Acid Production: Secretion of organic acids (citric, gluconic, oxalic, maleic acids) pH reduction in soil microenvironment Dissolution of mineral phosphates through acid-mediated solubilization Chelation of cations attached to phosphate Enzyme Production: Production of phosphatase enzymes breaking down organic phosphorus compounds Depolymerization of complex phosphorus-containing molecules Release of phosphate ions into soil solution Ion Exchange Reactions: Hydrogen ion (H⁺) exchange with phosphate ions (PO₄³⁻) Effective mobilization from soil minerals into soil solution Secondary Benefits Beyond Phosphorus Plant Growth Promotion: Production of plant hormones (indole-3-acetic acid/IAA, gibberellins) Enhanced root development and architecture Increased plant biomass and vigor Stress Tolerance: Alleviated drought stress through improved nutrient status Enhanced salinity tolerance Reduced heavy metal toxicity (some strains) Disease Suppression: Production of antimicrobial compounds (antibiotics, hydrogen cyanide) Biocontrol activity against soil-borne pathogens Competitive exclusion of pathogenic microorganisms Soil Health Improvement: Enhancement of microbial diversity in rhizosphere Improved soil structure through biofilm formation Better water retention and infiltration Quantifiable Benefits Phosphorus Availability: Increases available soil phosphorus by 30-50% Mobilizes previously unavailable soil phosphate reserves Reduces requirement for external phosphate fertilizers by 25-50% Crop Performance: Yield increase: 10-25% without adverse environmental effects Plant height: Up to 15.8% increase Leaf area index: Significant increases with PSB application Fruit quality improvement in perennial crops Economic Efficiency: Cost reduction compared to synthetic phosphate fertilizers: 30-50% Reduced environmental costs from nutrient runoff Compatible with organic and conventional farming Application Methods Seed Treatment: Seed coating with PSB biofertilizer PSB population establishment before seedling emergence Typical dose: 5-10 mL per kg of seed Compatible with fungicide seed treatment Seedling Root Dip: Immersion of seedlings in PSB suspension (1:10 solution) Pre-treatment before transplanting Ensures immediate root colonization Particularly effective for vegetable crops Soil Application: Direct incorporation into soil Typical application: 5 kg/hectare of PSB biofertilizer Best timing: 1-2 weeks before crop planting Mix thoroughly for even distribution Composition and Formulation Solid Formulations (Most Common): Carrier: Peat (60-70%), lignite, or biochar PSB cell concentration: >10⁸ CFU/g Moisture: 8-12% Package size: 1 kg to 25 kg bags Liquid Formulations: Suspension: Microbial culture in sterile liquid medium Cell concentration: 10⁹ CFU/mL Stability: 6-12 months refrigerated Application rate: 5-10 liters per hectare High-Concentration Formulations: Freeze-dried products Cell concentration: >10⁹ CFU/g Shelf life: 2-3 years Higher cost but superior viability Storage and Shelf Life Optimal Storage Conditions: Temperature: 4-8°C (refrigerated) for 12-24 months shelf life Room temperature: 25°C viable for 3-6 months Cool, dark, dry location Avoid direct sunlight and high temperature Quality Maintenance: Store in sealed, airtight containers Maintain specified moisture content Verify CFU count every 6 months for quality assurance Discard if viability drops below 10⁷ CFU/g Regulatory and Quality Standards International Standards: Minimum viable count: 10⁸ CFU/g (some standards: 10⁹ CFU/g) Purity: >95% target organism, <5% contaminants Absence of human pathogens Absence of heavy metals above safe limits Performance Guarantees: Phosphate solubilization index (SI) ≥ 2.0 Soluble phosphorus production: >70 mg/mL pH reduction capacity demonstrated Plant growth promotion efficacy validated What is the role in plant growth promotion? Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria promote plant growth through multiple complementary mechanisms that operate both directly on plant physiology and indirectly through soil and rhizosphere modification. Direct Plant Growth Promotion Mechanisms 1. Enhanced Phosphorus Nutrition Mechanism: Solubilization of insoluble soil phosphorus previously unavailable to plant roots Increases bioavailable phosphorus concentration in rhizosphere by 30-50% Makes applied phosphate fertilizers more efficiently available Plant Growth Effects: Phosphorus is critical for energy transfer (ATP/ADP), DNA/RNA synthesis, and cell division Enhanced phosphorus status strengthens overall plant development Particularly critical during early growth stages Quantifiable Impact: Plant height increase: 14.3-15.8% Leaf area index: Significant increase Plant biomass increase: Comparable to 100% chemical fertilization with only 50% nitrogen supply Root biomass increase: 13.5-18.2% 2. Production of Plant Growth-Promoting Hormones Auxin Production (Indole-3-acetic acid/IAA): PSB (particularly Pseudomonas putida , Bacillus species) synthesize IAA IAA promotes cell elongation and root hair development Enhanced root architecture increases soil exploration and nutrient acquisition Root/shoot ratio optimization Gibberellin Production: Some PSB produce gibberellins Promotes cell division and shoot elongation Enhances internodal extension Cytokinin Production: Delays leaf senescence Increases cell division in shoot meristems Extends plant productivity period Quantifiable Hormone Effects: Root elongation in canola, lettuce, tomato: Significant increases reported Enhanced branching and lateral root development 3. Production of Siderophores Mechanism: Siderophores are iron-chelating compounds produced by PSB Complex iron in soil, making it bioavailable to plants Important in high-pH soils where iron precipitation limits availability Plant Effects: Prevention of iron chlorosis Enhanced photosynthetic capacity Improved overall plant vigor Indirect Plant Growth Promotion Through Soil and Rhizosphere Modification 4. Rhizosphere Microbiome Enhancement Mechanism: PSB colonization modifies root exudation patterns Selects for beneficial microbial communities Creates synergistic microbial network in rhizosphere Effects: Increased microbial diversity supporting multiple nutrient transformation functions Enhanced nutrient cycling and bioavailability Biocontrol effects against pathogenic microorganisms 5. Soil Structure Improvement Biofilm Formation: PSB produce extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) Form biofilms on soil particles and root surfaces Stabilize soil aggregates through biological cementing Soil Properties Improved: Better water infiltration and retention Improved aeration for root respiration Enhanced microbial habitat quality 6. Synergistic Effects with Other Microorganisms Co-inoculation with Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria: PSB + Rhizobium / Azospirillum : Dual nitrogen and phosphorus provision Nitrogen fixation enhanced by improved phosphorus availability Combined effect: Yield increase up to 30-43% Co-inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF): PSB + AMF: Synergistic phosphorus mobilization PSB secrete phosphatase and organic acids in mycorrhizal microenvironment Mycorrhizal hyphal network extends solubilizing capacity 5-14 times Enhanced P transfer to plant roots Co-inoculation with Biocontrol Organisms: Simultaneous nutrient improvement and disease suppression PSB + pathogen-suppressing bacteria reduce disease incidence while improving nutrition More effective than single-organism inoculation Plant Growth Promotion Under Stress Conditions 7. Drought Stress Alleviation Mechanism: Enhanced phosphorus availability improves plant water status Improved root system captures soil moisture more effectively Better osmotic adjustment capacity Quantifiable Effects: Reduced negative impacts of drought stress on growth efficiency Maintained productivity despite water limitation Enhanced water-use efficiency 8. Salinity Stress Tolerance Mechanism: Improved nutrient status compensates for ion toxicity stress Some PSB produce osmoprotectants Enhanced ion transport selectivity 9. Heavy Metal Stress Reduction Mechanism: Some PSB produce chelating compounds (phytosiderophores) Reduce heavy metal bioavailability Produce exopolysaccharides adsorbing heavy metals Quantifiable Plant Growth Promotion Results Crop-Specific Documented Effects: Wheat: Yield increase: 30% with Azotobacter , up to 43% with Bacillus Plant height: 15.8-14.3% increase with selected strains 50% nitrogen fertilizer reduction possible without yield loss Tomato: Plant height significant increase Leaf area index increase Fruit number per plant: 16.32 increase Fruit yield per plant: 1125g Total yield: 392.26 q/ha (quintals per hectare) Cost-benefit ratio: 3.41-3.52 Sugarcane: Yield and yield components promoted Enhanced sugar content Soybean: Drought stress impacts reduced Growth efficiency maintenance Sweet Potato: Yield increase with Pseudomonas fluorescens Rice: Yield sustainability in phosphorus-deficient subtropical soils Phosphorus deficiency symptoms eliminated Legumes (Faba bean, Peanut): Enhanced production Nitrogen fixation improvement Root system optimization Molecular-Level Growth Promotion Gene Expression Changes: Upregulation of phosphate uptake transporters ( PHT genes) Enhanced nitrogen transporter expression Stress-response gene activation ( HSP70 , drought-response proteins) Enzyme Activity Enhancement: Increased phosphatase activity in plant tissues Enhanced nitrogenase activity (when co-inoculated with N-fixers) Improved antioxidant enzyme activity for stress tolerance Effectiveness Factors PSB Effectiveness Depends On: Soil pH (optimal 6.5-8.0) Soil phosphorus form and concentration Soil microbial community composition Plant growth stage and crop type Environmental conditions (temperature, moisture) PSB strain characteristics and viability Performance Enhancement Strategies: Use of multiple PSB strains (consortia) for broader phosphorus availability Co-inoculation with complementary organisms Application at optimal growth stages Combination with organic matter for substrate provision Integration with reduced chemical fertilization Sustainability and Environmental Benefits Sustainability Advantages: 30-50% reduction in phosphate fertilizer requirement Lower environmental pollution from runoff and leaching Reduced eutrophication risk Improved soil health and microbiome diversity Enhanced crop resilience to environmental stress What are the effects in plant growth? Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria produce comprehensive, multifaceted effects on plant growth across physiological, developmental, and yield-related parameters. These effects are observed at both seedling and mature plant stages. Effects on Root Development and Architecture Root Elongation: Magnitude: Significant increase in primary root length (15-30% increase typical) Mechanism: Auxin production by PSB stimulates cell elongation Lateral Root Development: Enhanced branching creating denser root systems Root Hair Density: Increased root hair number and length improving soil contact Root Mass: Increase in root dry weight (13.5-18.2% documented) Root System Architecture Improvement: More efficient soil exploration Better water and nutrient acquisition Increased rhizosphere colonization area Enhanced ability to access immobilized soil nutrients Effects on Shoot Development Plant Height: Magnitude: 14.3-15.8% increase compared to controls Timing: Effects appear within 2-4 weeks of inoculation Consistency: Increases observed across multiple crop types Leaf Development: Leaf Area Index (LAI): Significant increases Leaf Number: More leaves per plant Leaf Size: Individual leaves larger Chlorophyll Content: Higher chlorophyll concentration enabling better photosynthesis Shoot Biomass: Aboveground Dry Weight: Substantial increases (30-50% possible) Shoot-to-Root Ratio: Improved balance between above and belowground growth Effects on Plant Biomass Accumulation Total Plant Biomass: Magnitude: Plant biomass increases achieve levels comparable to 100% chemical fertilization even with 50% nitrogen reduction Growing Period: Biomass accumulation accelerates throughout growing season Consistency: Effects maintained under variable environmental conditions Dry Matter Accumulation: Enhanced daily dry matter production Improved harvest index (economic yield as proportion of total biomass) Greater resource allocation to harvestable organs Effects on Flowering and Reproductive Development Flowering Time: Accelerated phenological development (earlier flowering) Phenological advancement: 5-7 days earlier flowering possible More uniform flowering across plant population Flower Number and Quality: Increased flower production per plant Better-developed flower organs Improved pollen viability Effects on Yield and Yield Components Fruit and Grain Production: Tomato Yield Effects : Fruit number per plant: 16.32 increase Individual fruit weight: 77.75 g improvement Fruit yield per plant: 1125 g Total yield: 392.26 quintals per hectare (q/ha) Cost-benefit ratio: 3.41-3.52 Wheat Yield Effects : Yield increase: 30-43% possible depending on strain Enhanced grain number per head Improved grain weight Successful application with 50% nitrogen fertilizer reduction Sugarcane Yield Effects : Yield component improvement Enhanced sugar content (Brix%) Better juice quality Other Crop Yields : Rice: Yield sustainability in marginal soils Sweet potato: Yield increase Vegetables (cauliflower, pea): 20-30% yield improvement Legumes: Enhanced production Effects on Nutrient Uptake and Concentration Phosphorus Uptake: Magnitude: Plant phosphorus content increases 50-100% above control levels Tissue P Concentration: Higher P concentration in shoots and roots P-Use Efficiency: More phosphorus utilized per unit nutrient provided Plant P Status: Deficiency symptoms eliminated Nitrogen Uptake: Enhanced nitrogen absorption (25-37% increase documented) Better nitrogen utilization when PSB co-inoculated with N-fixers Reduced nitrogen fertilizer requirement by up to 50% Micronutrient Uptake: Enhanced iron, zinc, manganese absorption Prevention of micronutrient deficiency symptoms Nutrient Translocation: Better translocation of mobilized nutrients to growing organs More efficient allocation to reproductive structures Effects on Plant Physiology and Metabolic Processes Photosynthetic Performance: Enhanced photosynthetic rate Improved light use efficiency Higher chlorophyll content enabling better light capture Accelerated CO₂ assimilation Enzyme Activity: Enhanced nitrate reductase activity Increased phosphatase activity in plant tissues Improved antioxidant enzyme systems Hormone Status: Elevated auxin and gibberellin levels promoting growth Better-regulated abscisic acid for stress response Effects on Plant Quality Nutritional Quality: Protein Content: Enhanced in legume crops Oil Content: Increased in oil-seed crops Mineral Micronutrient Content: Higher concentrations (zinc, iron, manganese) Vitamin Content: Enhanced in fruit and vegetable crops Physical Quality: Improved fruit size and firmness Better shelf-life characteristics Enhanced appearance and marketability Stress-Related Quality: Reduced stress-induced defects Better taste characteristics in vegetables Enhanced aroma compounds in certain crops Effects Under Stress Conditions Drought Stress Alleviation: Maintained growth despite water limitation Enhanced water-use efficiency Reduced leaf wilting and senescence Better osmotic adjustment Salinity Stress Tolerance: Reduced ion toxicity effects Maintained growth under saline conditions Enhanced ion selectivity Cold Stress Tolerance: Maintained growth at lower temperatures Enhanced cold acclimation Better spring emergence in cool climates Effects on Disease Resistance and Plant Health Disease Incidence Reduction: Lower occurrence of soil-borne diseases Reduced pathogen populations through biocontrol Improved plant defense responses Plant Health Indicators: Better plant color and vigor Reduced nutrient deficiency symptoms Stronger stem development Timeline of Observable Effects Early Effects (1-3 weeks post-inoculation): Increased root hair development Enhanced root colonization Early phosphorus mobilization Mid-Season Effects (4-8 weeks): Visible height increase (15% possible) Enhanced leaf area development Improved plant color/chlorophyll Accelerated dry matter accumulation Late-Season Effects (8+ weeks to maturity): Continued yield component development Enhanced reproductive development Maximum biomass and yield expression Cumulative fertilizer-equivalent effect Quantifiable Comparison with Chemical Fertilizers Equivalent Performance: PSB inoculation at 50% nitrogen fertilization achieves growth equivalent to 100% chemical fertilization Cost reduction: 30-50% compared to full chemical fertilization Environmental benefit: 50% reduction in nutrient runoff Yield Security: Yield variability reduced with PSB More stable production across seasons Better stress resilience Consistency and Reliability Performance Factors: Effect consistency: High in well-prepared soils with adequate organic matter Strain-dependent: Different PSB strains show varying effectiveness Crop-specific responses observed Environmental conditions influence magnitude of effects Integration with organic matter enhances results Phosphorous Solubilizing Bacteria Our Products Explore our range of premium Phosphorous Solubilizing Bacteria strains tailored to meet your agricultural needs, promoting phosphorus availability for robust plant growth. Aspergillus awamori Aspergillus awamori solubilizes unavailable phosphorus in acidic soil, enhancing plant nutrient uptake and drought resistance. Restores soil fertility through organic matter breakdown. View Species Bacillus firmus Bacillus firmus enhances phosphorus availability in soil, stimulates root growth, improves fruit quality, and protects against soil-borne diseases. Compatible with bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers. View Species Bacillus megaterium Bacillus megaterium is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming rhizobacterium recognized for its high-efficiency solubilization of inorganic phosphate compounds. By producing organic acids and phosphatases, it enhances phosphorus bioavailability, promoting early crop establishment, accelerated phenological development, and improved root system architecture. In addition to nutrient mobilization, B. megaterium contributes to soil health by enhancing microbial diversity, facilitating organic matter decomposition, and improving soil structure. It also exhibits antagonistic activity against phytopathogens, supporting natural pest suppression and reducing reliance on chemical pesticides. Compatible with biofertilizers and biopesticides, B. megaterium integrates seamlessly into organic and integrated farming systems, contributing to increased nutrient-use efficiency, enhanced crop resilience, and sustainable yield improvement while enriching soil microbiome. View Species Bacillus polymyxa Bacillus polymyxa improves phosphorus availability by solubilizing phosphate, promotes plant growth through nitrogen fixation and hormone production, and aids bioremediation by breaking down organic pollutants—enhancing soil health for sustainable agriculture. View Species Pseudomonas putida Pseudomonas putida is a beneficial bacterium known for producing growth-promoting substances like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), enhancing plant development and root architecture. It degrades organic pollutants, improving soil health and structure while making nutrients more bioavailable. Additionally, P. putida boosts plant stress tolerance by mitigating the effects of drought, salinity, and heavy metals, making it invaluable for sustainable agriculture and environmental remediation. View Species Pseudomonas striata Pseudomonas striata improves soil health, enhances root systems, increases plant drought tolerance, optimizes soil nutrition for sustained crop productivity. Compatible with bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Indogulf BioAg is a Manufacturer & Global Exporter of Manganese Solubilising, Penicillium, Corynebacterium & other Bacterias. Contact us @ +1 437 774 3831 < Microbial Species Manganese Solubilizing Bacteria Manganese Solubilizing Bacteria make manganese more available to plants by converting insoluble forms into absorbable forms, aiding in chlorophyll production and other vital functions. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Manganese solubilizing bacteria (MSB) are specialized microorganisms that enhance the availability of manganese (Mn) in the soil. Manganese is an essential micronutrient for plants, playing a critical role in photosynthesis, enzyme activation, and defense against oxidative stress. However, manganese in many soils exists in insoluble forms that are not readily available to plants. MSB convert these insoluble forms into soluble manganese that plants can absorb and utilize. Why is it important Why are Manganese Solubilizing Bacteria Important? Manganese deficiency can severely impact plant growth and productivity, particularly in acidic or alkaline soils where manganese availability is limited. The importance of manganese solubilizing bacteria includes: Enhanced Nutrient Availability : MSB increase the availability of manganese, promoting healthier and more vigorous plant growth. Improved Plant Health : Adequate manganese levels support optimal photosynthesis, enzyme function, and overall plant metabolism. Sustainable Agriculture : Utilizing MSB can reduce the need for chemical manganese fertilizers, promoting environmentally friendly farming practices. How it works Manganese solubilizing bacteria employ several mechanisms to convert insoluble manganese into soluble forms: Production of Organic Acids : MSB produce organic acids such as citric acid, gluconic acid, and oxalic acid. These acids lower the pH in the immediate vicinity of the bacteria, facilitating the dissolution of insoluble manganese compounds and releasing soluble manganese ions (Mn^2+) into the soil solution. Reduction Processes : Some MSB can mediate reduction processes that convert insoluble manganese oxides (e.g., MnO2) into soluble forms through enzymatic activities. Chelation : MSB can produce chelating agents that bind to manganese ions, making them more soluble and available for plant uptake. By increasing manganese availability in the soil, manganese solubilizing bacteria contribute to improved plant nutrition, health, and productivity, supporting sustainable agricultural practices. FAQ Content coming soon! Manganese Solubilizing Bacteria Our Products Explore our range of premium Manganese Solubilizing Bacteria strains tailored to meet your agricultural needs, optimizing manganese uptake for healthy plant metabolism. Corynebacterium spp. Corynebacterium spp. solubilizes soil manganese, enhancing plant uptake and activating plant immunity against pests and diseases. It promotes growth, root development, and improves soil aeration. View Species Penicillium citrinum Penicillium Citrinum, a beneficial fungus, solubilizes soil manganese, recommended for deficient soils. It also accelerates soil organic matter decomposition, increasing manganese availability. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Plant Growth Promoters to promote plant roots development and improve growth. It also has the ability to produce enzymes to suppress plant pathogens and eventually kill them. < Microbial Species Plant Growth Promoters Plant Growth Promoters products, often containing beneficial microorganisms or natural compounds, promote overall plant health and development, enhancing growth rates and crop yields. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Plant growth promoters, also known as phytohormones, are naturally occurring chemical substances that regulate various physiological processes in plants. These hormones act as chemical messengers, influencing growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli. The main classes of plant hormones include auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylene, and abscisic acid, each playing specific roles in plant growth and adaptation. Why is it important Regulation of Growth : Plant hormones control fundamental processes such as cell elongation, cell division, and differentiation, which are essential for overall plant growth and development. Developmental Processes : Hormones like auxins and cytokinins regulate processes such as seed germination, root and shoot growth, flowering, and fruit development. Environmental Responses : Hormones such as ethylene and abscisic acid help plants respond to environmental stresses such as drought, flooding, temperature extremes, and pathogen attacks. Crop Yield and Quality : Proper hormone regulation can enhance crop yield by optimizing growth patterns, improving nutrient uptake, and ensuring efficient use of resources. How it works Auxins : Stimulate cell elongation, regulate apical dominance, promote phototropism and gravitropism. Production : Synthesized in shoot tips, young leaves, and developing seeds. Cytokinins : Promote cell division, delay aging (senescence), enhance nutrient mobilization, and counteract apical dominance. Production : Produced in actively growing tissues like roots, embryos, and fruits. Gibberellins : Stimulate stem elongation, promote seed germination, regulate flowering and fruit development. Production : Synthesized in roots, young leaves, and seeds. Ethylene : Regulate fruit ripening, leaf and flower senescence, and response to stress (e.g., flooding, injury). Production : Produced in response to stress and during fruit ripening. Abscisic Acid (ABA) : Control seed dormancy and germination, regulate stomatal closure in response to drought, and promote stress tolerance. Production : Synthesized in response to stress conditions and present in seeds and mature leaves. Interaction and Regulation : Plant hormones often interact synergistically or antagonistically to coordinate growth and development processes. Environmental factors influence hormone production and their effects, allowing plants to adapt and thrive in varying conditions. Understanding the roles and mechanisms of plant growth hormones is crucial for optimizing agricultural practices, improving crop productivity, and enhancing plant resilience to environmental challenges. FAQ Content coming soon! Plant Growth Promoters Our Products Explore our range of premium Plant Growth Promoters tailored to meet your agricultural needs, stimulating robust growth and maximizing yield potential. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, produces plant growth hormones, suppresses pathogens with enzymes, acts as biofertilizer and biopesticide, improves soil fertility, safe for non-target species and humans. View Species Bacillus azotoformans Used as seed inoculant, enhances germination and root development, improves water and nutrient transport, environmentally safe. View Species Bacillus circulans Bacillus circulans produces indoleacetic acid, solubilizes phosphorus improving absorption, enhances plant growth and yield, safe and eco-friendly. View Species Bacillus pumilus Bacillus pumilus produces antibiotics against pathogens, enhances nutrient uptake and drought tolerance, effective biocontrol agent, environmentally safe. View Species Pseudomonas fluorescens Pseudomonas fluorescens suppresses soil-borne pathogens, produces antibiotics and siderophores, enhances nutrient availability, improves root growth and disease resistance. View Species Pseudomonas putida Pseudomonas putida produces growth-promoting substances, degrades organic pollutants in soil, improves soil structure and nutrient availability, enhances plant stress tolerance. View Species Rhodococcus terrae Rhodococcus terrae enhances soil structure and nutrient availability, degrades organic pollutants, promotes plant growth with growth-promoting substances, improves root development and stress tolerance. View Species Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) is a beneficial fungus that enhances plant root absorption, improves soil structure, and increases nutrient uptake. It forms a symbiotic relationship with roots, boosting plant growth, drought resistance, and soil fertility for healthier, more resilient crops. View Species Williopsis saturnus Williopsis saturnus enhances nutrient uptake, improves soil fertility, suppresses soil-borne pathogens, promotes root development and yield, contributes to environmental sustainability, effective in agriculture. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all

Indogulf BioAg is a Manufacturer & Global Exporter of Potash solubilising, Bacillus Mucilaginous, Frateuria Aurantia & other Bacterias. Contact us @ +1 437 774 3831 < Microbial Species Potash Solubilizing Bacteria Potash Solubilizing Bacteria convert insoluble potassium compounds in the soil into forms that plants can absorb, improving potassium availability and supporting plant metabolic processes. Product Enquiry What Why How FAQ What it is Potash solubilizing bacteria (PSB) are a group of beneficial microorganisms that enhance the availability of potassium in the soil. Potassium is a vital nutrient for plants, essential for various physiological processes such as enzyme activation, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and water regulation. However, a significant portion of soil potassium is present in insoluble forms that plants cannot readily absorb. PSB convert these insoluble forms into soluble potassium that plants can utilize. Why is it important Potassium is crucial for plant health and productivity , yet it often exists in forms that are not easily accessible to plants. The importance of potash solubilizing bacteria includes: Enhanced Nutrient Availability: PSB increase the availability of potassium, promoting healthier and more vigorous plant growth. Improved Soil Fertility: By converting insoluble potassium compounds into forms accessible to plants, PSB contribute to overall soil fertility and plant nutrition. Sustainable Agriculture: Utilizing PSB can reduce the reliance on chemical potassium fertilizers, leading to more environmentally friendly and sustainable farming practices. How it works Potash solubilizing bacteria employ several mechanisms to convert insoluble potassium into soluble forms: Acid Production: PSB produce organic acids such as citric acid, oxalic acid, and tartaric acid. These acids help in dissolving potassium-bearing minerals (such as feldspar and mica) by lowering the pH and releasing soluble potassium ions that plants can absorb. Enzymatic Activity: Some PSB produce enzymes that break down complex potassium compounds in the soil, converting them into simpler, soluble forms that are available for plant uptake. Chelation: PSB can produce chelating agents that bind to potassium ions, effectively solubilizing them and making them available to plants. By employing these mechanisms, potash solubilizing bacteria play a crucial role in enhancing potassium availability in the soil, supporting plant health, and contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. FAQ Content coming soon! Potash Solubilizing Bacteria Our Products Explore our range of premium Potash Solubilizing Bacteria strains tailored to meet your agricultural needs, facilitating the availability of potassium for vital plant functions. Bacillus mucilaginosus Bacillus mucilaginosus is a naturally occurring potassium solubilizing bacterium, that naturally alleviates the K deficiency of in plants by transforming insoluble mineral potassium in the soil into bioavailable forms, ensuring optimal environment for plant root uptake. Its application is particularly valuable in soils with limited potassium availability, improving plant health and soil biodiversity. View Species Frateuria aurantia Frateuria aurantia is a beneficial bacterium solubilizing potassium present in the soil, converting it into a form that plants can utilize. This product is recommended for soils with potassium deficiency. View Species 1 1 ... 1 ... 1 Resources Read all