Search this site

Leading manufacturer & exporter of Nano Chitosan. Enhance environmental solutions with our innovative, eco-friendly products. < Environmental Solutions Nano Chitosan A nanoscale chitosan formulation with natural polymers and polysaccharides for superior antimicrobial properties, structural support, and bioavailability, enhancing blood's fertilizer quality. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Improved Structural Integrity Reinforces the structural integrity of treated blood, facilitating handling and application. Enhanced Antimicrobial Properties Boosts antimicrobial efficacy, safeguarding against bacterial contamination. Increased Nutrient Absorption Enhances nutrient absorption efficiency, maximizing fertilizer effectiveness. Enhanced Soil Conditioning Improves soil conditioning properties, promoting healthier plant growth and yield. Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info FAQ Composition Components Natural polymers Polysaccharides Dosage & Application Treatment Process: Blood Collection: Blood is collected in a hygienic manner from the slaughterhouse. Application of Ag Protect: Ag Protect is applied at 1000 ppm @ 10 ml/kg of blood before boiling to control flies, neutralize odors, and eliminate pathogens. Nano Chitosan Addition: After boiling and cooling, 1 liter of Nano Chitosan is added per metric ton (MT) of blood to enhance antimicrobial properties and improve fertilizer quality. Oxymax Application: Post-boiling and cooling, 250 g of Oxymax is added per MT of blood to stimulate aerobic microbial activity, reduce pathogens, and stabilize nutrients. Microbial Blend Addition: After a week, Microbial Blend ( Blood Pro ), containing 3 billion CFU/g in dextrose, is added at 2 kg per ton of blood. It enhances decomposition, improves biological oxygen demand, and transforms blood into a high-quality fertilizer. Additional Info How Our Treatment Works Fly and Maggot Control: Ag Protect and Oxymax effectively eliminate flies and maggots that accumulate in slaughter blood. Odor Neutralization: Ag Protect neutralizes unpleasant odors emitted by the blood. Pathogen Elimination: Ag Protect , Nano Chitosan , and the Microbial Blend work together to eliminate pathogenic organisms present in slaughter blood. Biological Oxygen Demand Improvement: The Microbial Blend enhances biological oxygen demand during the decomposition process, optimizing organic matter breakdown. Fertilizer Enhancement: Overall, our treatment decomposes blood efficiently, improving its properties as a valuable fertilizer for agricultural use. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Ag Protect Microbial Blend (Blood Pro) Oxymax More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer & exporter of Nano Zinc Fertilizer. Enhance plant growth with our advanced, eco-friendly solutions. High quality and global shipping. < Nano Fertilizers Nano Zinc Nano zinc particles offering bioavailable zinc, crucial for optimal plant growth and development, addressing zinc deficiencies, particularly beneficial in early plant growth stages. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Enhances Plant Health Supports improved overall plant health and vitality. Boosts Resistance Against Pests and Diseases Strengthens plant defenses against pathogens. Increases Nutrient Holding Capacity Enhances the plant's ability to retain energy and nutrients. Builds Critical Zinc Levels Ensures adequate zinc levels critical for plant functions. Components Composition (%) w/w Zinc Sulphate NLT 1.5 Organic Acid 3.5 Biopolymers 1.1 Aqua q.s Composition Dosage & Application Why choose this product Key Benefits Sustainability Advantage Additional Info FAQ Additional Info Compatibility: Compatible with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides Shelf life: Best before 24 months when stored at room temperature Packaging: 25 liters Symptoms of Zinc Deficiency Reduced root growth and activity Lower microbial activity in the soil which decreases zinc release from soil organic matter Plants are stunted and shows dusty brown spots on upper leaves New leaves are often smaller and narrower Show delayed maturity, short internodes and a decrease in leaf size Presence of mottled leaves with irregular chlorotic areas. Why choose this product? Content coming soon! Key Benefits at a Glance Content coming soon! Sustainability Advantage Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Foliar Spray: Dissolve 0.5ml in a liter of water and spray on both surfaces of the leaves. Can be sprayed anytime. Nano Zinc is not photosensitive.Soil Application: Apply 2.5L per acre during sowing or transplantation. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Nano Urea Hydromax Anpeekay NPK Nano Boron Nano Calcium Nano Chitosan Nano Copper Nano Iron More Products Resources Read all

< Crop Kits Brown Spot Brown Spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus) creates small brown lesions on leaves. Managing it requires resistant varieties and proper irrigation. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Additional Info Related Products Aminomax SP Annomax BioProtek Biocupe Neem Plus Seed Protek Silicomax Dates Pro More Products Resources Read all

Rhodospirillum fulvum is a phototrophic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium known for its ability to perform anoxygenic photosynthesis using bacteriochlorophylls. It contributes to carbon and nitrogen cycling in soil and aquatic ecosystems, supporting soil fertility and ecosystem balance. With its metabolic flexibility and adaptability to diverse conditions, R. fulvum holds potential for applications in bioremediation, bioenergy, and sustainable agriculture. < Microbial Species Rhodospirillum fulvum Rhodospirillum fulvum is a phototrophic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium known for its ability to perform anoxygenic photosynthesis using bacteriochlorophylls. It contributes to carbon and nitrogen cycling in soil and aquatic ecosystems, supporting soil fertility and ecosystem balance. With its metabolic flexibility and adaptability to diverse conditions, R. fulvum holds potential for applications in bioremediation, bioenergy, and sustainable agriculture. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Organic Pollutant Degradation Effective in degrading a variety of organic pollutants, aiding in environmental remediation. Photosynthetic Efficiency Utilizes light energy for growth, contributing to sustainable biomass production. Soil Fertility Improvement Enhances nutrient availability in soil, promoting plant health and agricultural productivity. Hydrogen Production Potential Capable of producing hydrogen gas, making it a candidate for renewable energy applications. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Contact us for more details Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Sustainability Advantage Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all

Isaria fumosorosea is a beneficial fungus that acts as a biological insecticide against plant sap-sucking insects like aphids, mites, and mealybugs by disabling their exoskeletons. < Microbial Species Isaria fumosorosea Isaria fumosorosea is a beneficial fungus that acts as a biological insecticide against plant sap-sucking insects like aphids, mites, and mealybugs by disabling their exoskeletons. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Long-term pest control Provides a sustainable solution without causing resistance in pests. Environmentally friendly Isaria fumosorosea is safe for the environment and non-target organisms. High specificity Targets a wide range of plant sap-sucking insects like aphids, mites, and mealybugs. Effective mode of action Infects insects by disabling their exoskeletons, leading to their demise. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Scientific literature recognizes Isaria fumosorosea , also known in some references as Cordyceps fumosorosea or formerly Paecilomyces fumosoroseus , as an important entomopathogenic fungus used in biological pest control. It has been studied for its ability to infect and suppress several agricultural pests, particularly whiteflies, aphids, thrips, mealybugs, mites, and other soft-bodied insects. The main infection process includes spore attachment, germination, cuticle penetration, internal fungal growth, and eventual pest suppression. Unlike many chemical insecticides that rely on direct toxicity or ingestion alone, entomopathogenic fungi infect insects through the outer body surface, making them useful against pests that feed in protected plant areas. Isaria fumosorosea is especially relevant in greenhouse crops, vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, tobacco, ornamentals, and other high-value crops where residue-conscious and biological pest-management solutions are required. It is commonly used as part of integrated pest management programs alongside monitoring, sanitation, biological control agents, compatible biofertilizers, and responsible spray rotation. Mode of Action Isaria fumosorosea is an entomopathogenic fungus used as a biological insecticide for the management of sap-sucking insects and other soft-bodied pests. It works primarily through contact with the insect body rather than relying only on ingestion. After application, fungal spores come into contact with the insect cuticle. Under suitable humidity and temperature conditions, the spores attach to the insect surface, germinate, and produce germ tubes that penetrate the outer cuticle. Once inside the insect body, the fungus multiplies, disrupts normal physiological functions, and gradually suppresses the pest. This biological mode of action makes Isaria fumosorosea a valuable tool in integrated pest management programs, especially against pests such as whiteflies, aphids, thrips, mites, mealybugs, leafminers, psyllids, and other difficult-to-manage insects. Because it acts biologically and targets insect hosts through fungal infection, it can help reduce dependence on conventional chemical insecticides and support resistance-management strategies. For best performance, Isaria fumosorosea should be applied with good spray coverage, especially on the undersides of leaves and pest-harbouring zones. Adequate moisture, moderate temperatures, and early application at the first signs of pest activity improve the establishment and effectiveness of the fungus. Additional Info Target pests: Aphids, Black Vine Weevil, Broad Mites, Citrus Leafminer, Coleoptera grubs and larvae, Crown weevils, Japanese weevils, Leafminers, Lepidoptera caterpillars and larvae, Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae), Psyllids, Root Worms (Chrysomelidae), Rust Mites (Aceria anthocoptes), Scarid Flies (Lycoriella spp.), Spider Mites (Tetranychidae), Thrips (Thysanoptera), Whiteflies (Aleyrodidae), Wireworms (Elateridae) and more. Recommended Crops: Recommended for controlling insect pests (including mites) on vegetables, fruits, tobacco, mushrooms, and other food crops. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Wettable Powder: 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram Foliar Application : 1 Acre dose: 2 kg 1 Ha dose: 5 kg Foliar Application for Long Duration Crops / Orchards / Perennials : 1 Acre dose: 2 kg 1 Ha dose: 5 kg Apply 2 times a year: before the onset of monsoon and after the monsoon Soluble Powder: 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Foliar Application : 1 Acre dose: 200 g 1 Ha dose: 500 g Foliar Application for Long Duration Crops / Orchards / Perennials : 1 Acre dose: 200 g 1 Ha dose: 500 g Apply 2 times a year: before the onset of monsoon and after the monsoon Application Methods Foliar Application Method : Mix Isaria fumosorosea at recommended doses in sufficient water and spray on soil during the off-season. Apply twice a year for long-duration crops. It is recommended to have the first application before the onset of the main monsoon/rainfall/spring season and the second application after the main monsoon/rainfall/autumn/fall season. Note : Do not store Isaria fumosorosea solution for more than 24 hours after mixing in water. FAQ What is Isaria fumosorosea used for? Isaria fumosorosea is used as a biological insecticide for controlling agricultural and horticultural pests. It is especially useful against sap-sucking insects and soft-bodied pests such as whiteflies, aphids, thrips, mites, mealybugs, psyllids, and leafminers. It is commonly used in vegetables, fruits, tobacco, mushrooms, ornamentals, greenhouse crops, and other food crops as part of an integrated pest management program. What insects does Isaria fumosorosea target? Isaria fumosorosea targets a wide range of insect pests, including aphids, whiteflies, thrips, mealybugs, spider mites, rust mites, psyllids, leafminers, citrus leafminer, scarid flies, black vine weevil, crown weevils, Japanese weevils, root worms, wireworms, Coleoptera grubs and larvae, and Lepidoptera caterpillars and larvae. Is Isaria fumosorosea harmful to bees? Isaria fumosorosea is generally considered more selective than broad-spectrum chemical insecticides and is widely used as a biological pest-control fungus. However, as with any pest-control product, it should be applied responsibly to reduce unnecessary exposure to pollinators. Avoid direct spraying on bees, active hives, and open flowers during peak foraging. Evening or early-morning application is usually preferred when pollinator activity is low. How is Isaria fumosorosea applied? Isaria fumosorosea is usually applied as a foliar spray. Mix the product in sufficient water according to the recommended dose and spray evenly over the crop canopy, targeting pest-prone areas and the underside of leaves. The spray solution should not be stored for more than 24 hours after mixing. For long-duration crops, orchards, and perennials, application may be repeated seasonally, such as before and after the main rainfall or monsoon period. How does Isaria fumosorosea work? Isaria fumosorosea works by infecting target insects through contact. The fungal spores attach to the insect body, germinate, penetrate the cuticle, and grow inside the insect. This disrupts the pest’s normal body functions and leads to pest suppression over time. Is Isaria fumosorosea a chemical insecticide? No. Isaria fumosorosea is not a chemical insecticide. It is a biological insecticide based on a beneficial entomopathogenic fungus. It is used as a microbial biocontrol agent in sustainable crop-protection and integrated pest-management programs. What crops can Isaria fumosorosea be used on? Isaria fumosorosea is suitable for crops where sucking pests, mites, and soft-bodied insects are a concern. It can be used on vegetables, fruits, tobacco, mushrooms, greenhouse crops, ornamentals, and other food crops. Always follow crop-specific recommendations and local label guidance. When should Isaria fumosorosea be applied? Isaria fumosorosea performs best when applied early, before pest populations become severe. It should be used at the first signs of pest activity or as part of a preventive biological pest-management schedule. Early application improves contact with young pest stages and supports better overall control. What conditions improve Isaria fumosorosea performance? Good spray coverage, moderate temperature, sufficient humidity, and active pest presence improve performance. Since fungal spores need suitable conditions to germinate and infect insects, very dry, hot, or harsh spray conditions may reduce effectiveness. Applying during cooler parts of the day can help improve results. Can Isaria fumosorosea control whiteflies? Yes. Isaria fumosorosea is widely used for whitefly management. It can infect several whitefly life stages when spores contact the insect body. Good coverage of the lower leaf surface is important because whiteflies commonly live and feed on the underside of leaves. Can Isaria fumosorosea control thrips? Yes. Isaria fumosorosea can help manage thrips, especially when used early and with thorough spray coverage. Since thrips often hide inside flowers, buds, and protected plant tissues, repeated applications and integration with other IPM tools may be necessary. Can Isaria fumosorosea control mites? Yes. Isaria fumosorosea can help manage spider mites, rust mites, broad mites, and related mite pests. It works best when applied before mite populations reach damaging levels and when spray coverage reaches the areas where mites are active. Can Isaria fumosorosea be used with biofertilizers? Yes. Isaria fumosorosea is generally compatible with many biofertilizers, biopesticides, and plant growth-promoting products. However, compatibility should always be checked before tank mixing, especially when combining multiple biological products. Can Isaria fumosorosea be mixed with chemical pesticides? Direct mixing with chemical pesticides is not recommended unless compatibility has been confirmed. Many chemical fungicides and some pesticides can reduce the viability of fungal spores. If chemical treatments are needed, apply them separately and maintain an appropriate interval. Can Isaria fumosorosea be used in organic farming? Isaria fumosorosea is a biological pest-control organism and can be suitable for organic and residue-conscious farming programs when the final product formulation complies with local organic standards. Growers should always confirm certification status and local regulatory approval before use. How long does Isaria fumosorosea take to work? Isaria fumosorosea is a biological control agent, so it does not act as instantly as many chemical knockdown insecticides. Pest suppression usually develops gradually after spores infect the insect. Visible effects depend on pest species, pest stage, humidity, temperature, spray coverage, and infestation level. Why is spray coverage important for Isaria fumosorosea? Spray coverage is critical because Isaria fumosorosea works mainly through contact. Spores must reach the insect body to begin infection. For pests such as whiteflies, thrips, mites, and mealybugs, spraying the underside of leaves, young shoots, flowers, and sheltered plant areas improves performance. What is the recommended dosage for Isaria fumosorosea? For wettable powder at 1 × 10⁸ CFU per gram, the recommended foliar dose is 2 kg per acre or 5 kg per hectare. For soluble powder at 1 × 10⁹ CFU per gram, the recommended foliar dose is 200 g per acre or 500 g per hectare. Application rates may vary depending on pest pressure, formulation strength, crop type, and local recommendations. How should Isaria fumosorosea be stored? Store Isaria fumosorosea in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. Keep the container tightly closed after opening. Avoid storing mixed spray solution for more than 24 hours, as microbial viability may decline after dilution. What is the shelf life of Isaria fumosorosea? The product is stable within one year from the date of manufacturing when stored under recommended conditions. Storage temperature, humidity, packaging integrity, and handling practices can affect microbial viability. Is Isaria fumosorosea suitable for IPM programs? Yes. Isaria fumosorosea is highly suitable for integrated pest management programs. It can be combined with pest monitoring, beneficial insects, sanitation, crop rotation, resistant varieties, compatible biopesticides, and carefully planned chemical rotations to reduce pest pressure sustainably. What is the difference between Isaria fumosorosea and chemical insecticides? Chemical insecticides often act through direct toxicity, nervous system disruption, or feeding inhibition. Isaria fumosorosea works biologically by infecting insects through fungal spores. This makes it useful as a residue-conscious and resistance-management tool, although it usually requires better timing, coverage, and environmental conditions than conventional chemical sprays. Sustainability Advantage Related Products Beauveria bassiana Hirsutella thompsonii Lecanicillium lecanii Metarhizium anisopliae Nomuraea rileyi More Products Resources Read all

Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans acts as a biofertilizer, enhancing nutrient availability by solubilizing soil iron, crucial for plants in iron-deficient soils. < Microbial Species Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans acts as a biofertilizer, enhancing nutrient availability by solubilizing soil iron, crucial for plants in iron-deficient soils. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Increases Crop Yields and Enhances Produce Quality Leads to better marketability and profitability for farmers by boosting crop yields and improving produce quality. Improves Plant Health Enhances resistance against drought and diseases, promoting healthier and more resilient plants. Enhances Nutrient Availability Solubilizes iron in the soil, making it more accessible for plants to uptake essential nutrients. Promotes Environmental Sustainability Reduces dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, contributing to sustainable agriculture. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Recent Research Findings Bioleaching Versatility: A comprehensive 2024 study published in Microorganisms demonstrated Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans' ability to mobilize 15+ elements through sophisticated bioleaching mechanisms, highlighting its versatility beyond simple iron oxidation. mdpi Genome-Scale Analysis: Complete genome sequencing and metabolic network reconstruction have revealed the bacterium's complex metabolic pathways, providing insights into its remarkable adaptability and industrial potential. frontiersin+1 Agricultural Applications: Field studies consistently demonstrate significant improvements in crop growth parameters, including increased shoot length (58%), root length (54%), and iron concentration (79%) when using iron-solubilizing bacterial treatments. nature Environmental Impact Studies Heavy Metal Remediation: Research published in Soil and Sediment Contamination shows that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans combined with biochar reduces soil heavy metal content by 28.42% and crop contamination by 60.82%. tandfonline Biocompatibility Assessment: Comprehensive safety studies confirm the bacterium's excellent biocompatibility profile with rapid biodegradation and no toxic effects on major organs. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Mode of Action Biochemical Mechanisms Iron Oxidation Pathway: The bacterium employs a sophisticated electron transport system featuring rusticyanin, a unique blue copper protein that facilitates the oxidation of Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺. This process generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation while producing ferric iron that can solubilize various mineral compounds. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Sulfur Oxidation Networks: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans utilizes multiple sulfur oxidation pathways including the sulfur dioxygenase (SDO) system, which initiates elemental sulfur oxidation, and complex thiosulfate oxidation mechanisms involving tetrathionate hydrolase and sulfite oxidase enzymes. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih pH Regulation and Acid Tolerance: The bacterium maintains internal pH homeostasis despite external pH levels as low as 1.0 through specialized acid resistance mechanisms and proton pumps. This extreme acid tolerance allows it to function in environments where most other microorganisms cannot survive. cambridge Cellular Processes Energy Generation: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans generates energy through chemolithoautotrophic metabolism, using inorganic compounds as electron donors while fixing CO₂ as its carbon source. This unique metabolic strategy enables the bacterium to thrive in nutrient-poor, extreme environments. cambridge+1 Biofilm Formation: The bacterium forms protective biofilms that enhance its survival in harsh conditions and improve its efficiency in bioleaching applications. These biofilms also facilitate cooperative interactions with other beneficial microorganisms in soil environments. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Mineral Surface Interactions: At the molecular level, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans attaches to mineral surfaces and creates localized acidic microenvironments that accelerate mineral dissolution and nutrient release. onlinelibrary.wiley Benefits of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in Agriculture Plant Growth Enhancement Improved Iron Availability: Plants inoculated with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans show significantly enhanced iron uptake, leading to improved chlorophyll synthesis, enhanced photosynthetic efficiency, and stronger overall plant health. Studies demonstrate up to 79% increases in shoot iron concentration when using iron-solubilizing bacterial treatments. nature Enhanced Root Development: The bacterium promotes extensive root system development through improved nutrient availability and soil structure enhancement. Stronger root systems improve water and nutrient uptake capacity, leading to more resilient crops. mdpi+1 Stress Tolerance: Plants colonized by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans demonstrate improved tolerance to abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, and nutrient deficiency conditions. This enhanced resilience is particularly valuable in challenging growing environments. mdpi Soil Health Benefits Nutrient Cycling: The bacterium accelerates nutrient cycling in soil systems by converting unavailable mineral forms into plant-accessible nutrients. This process reduces dependence on synthetic fertilizers while maintaining optimal soil fertility. mdpi Soil Structure Improvement: Microbial activity from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans contributes to better soil aggregation and improved water infiltration rates. Enhanced soil structure supports healthier root environments and improved crop establishment. mdpi Microbiome Enhancement: The presence of beneficial bacteria like Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans promotes overall soil microbial diversity and activity, creating more balanced and resilient soil ecosystems. mdpi+1 Industrial Significance and Biotechnology Applications Biotechnological Innovations Genetic Engineering Applications: Recent advances in genetic modification of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans have enhanced its capabilities for rare earth element recovery and specialized bioleaching applications. Engineered strains show up to 13-fold improvements in lanthanide recovery efficiency. pubs.acs Nanoparticle Synthesis: The bacterium's unique ability to synthesize magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles under mild conditions has biotechnological applications in biomedicine and materials science. These biogenic nanoparticles offer advantages over chemically synthesized alternatives. journals.asm Process Optimization: Advanced cultivation techniques, including the use of metallic iron instead of iron sulfate in growth media, have simplified and improved Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans production processes. pubs.acs Environmental Applications Acid Mine Drainage Treatment: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans plays a dual role in acid mine drainage systems—while it can contribute to acid formation in natural settings, controlled applications utilize its metal precipitation capabilities for environmental remediation. mdpi Waste Processing: The bacterium effectively processes various industrial wastes, converting hazardous pyrophoric iron sulfides into safer forms and recovering valuable metals from waste streams. jeeng Space Applications: Research suggests that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans could potentially be used in future space mining operations due to its ability to extract valuable elements under extreme conditions. mdpi Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment: Prepare a mixture of 10 - 15 grams of Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans in a sufficient amount of water to create a slurry. Coat 1kg of seeds with the mixture, dry them in shade, and they will be ready to use in the field. Seedling Treatment: Prepare a mixture of 100 grams of Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans in a sufficient amount of water. Dip the roots of the seedlings into the solution for 30 minutes to allow the bacteria to attach to the roots prior to planting. Soil Treatment: Mix 2.5 - 5kg per hectare of Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Incorporate the mixture into the soil and spread it in the field at the time of planting/sowing. Irrigation: Mix 2.5 - 5kg per hectare of Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans in a sufficient amount of water. Drench or drip the mixture to penetrate the root zones. FAQ General Applications What crops benefit most from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans application? The bacterium is particularly effective for cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables, fruits, and ornamental crops, especially those grown in iron-deficient or alkaline soils where iron availability is limited. indogulfbioag How does Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans compare to chemical iron fertilizers? Unlike chemical fertilizers that provide temporary nutrient boosts, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans establishes long-term soil health improvements by continuously converting unavailable iron forms into plant-accessible nutrients. This biological approach is more sustainable and environmentally friendly. universalmicrobes Can Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans be used in hydroponic systems? While traditionally used in soil-based systems, recent research indicates potential applications in hydroponic environments where the bacterium's iron-solubilizing capabilities could benefit soilless cultivation. indogulfbioag Safety and Compatibility Is Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans safe for organic farming? Yes, the bacterium is completely natural and non-pathogenic, making it suitable for organic farming systems. It enhances soil health through biological processes without introducing harmful chemicals. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih What is the compatibility with other agricultural inputs? Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is compatible with bio-pesticides, bio-fertilizers, and plant growth hormones. However, it should not be used simultaneously with chemical fungicides or pesticides that could harm microbial viability. indogulfbioag How long does the bacterium remain active in soil? Under favorable conditions, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans can maintain activity for extended periods, continuously providing iron solubilization benefits throughout the growing season. The bacterium's extremophile nature allows it to survive in challenging soil conditions. cambridge Application and Management What soil pH range is optimal for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans? The bacterium thrives in acidic conditions (pH 1-3) but can function effectively across a broader pH range in agricultural applications. Its acid-producing activity helps optimize soil pH for improved nutrient availability. universalmicrobes How should the product be stored to maintain viability? Store Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans products in cool, dry conditions away from direct sunlight. The product maintains stability for up to one year from the date of manufacturing when stored properly. indogulfbioag Can the bacterium be tank-mixed with other microbial inoculants? Yes, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans can be combined with other beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria for synergistic effects. indogulfbioag Sustainability Advantage Related Products More Products Resources Read all

< Animal Health Psolbi Psolbi is a multi-strain probiotic blend for poultry birds which restores and refreshes beneficial gut bacteria and conditions the gut to make it more favorable for friendly bacteria. This unique formula ensures a healthy gut flora and helps support the bird’s resistance to infections by boosting immunity. It also relieves the birds off their stress conditions and improves overall feed conversion. Product Enquiry Benefits Rebuilds Gut Flora After Antibiotic Use Re-establishes beneficial intestinal microflora disrupted by antibiotic treatments, improving digestive health. Relieves Stress and Restores Balance Helps animals recover from stress conditions and supports physiological stability during challenging periods. Boosts Growth and Feed Efficiency Enhances feed conversion and promotes healthy weight gain, supporting better overall performance. Strengthens Immunity and Fights Pathogens Improves baseline immune function and helps defend against pathogenic bacterial infections. Component Each 100g Contains Lactobacillus Acidophillus 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Casei 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Reutri 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Fermentum 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Lactis 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Salvaricus 5 Billion CFU Bifidobacterium Bifidus 5 Billion CFU Streptococcus Faecium 5 Billion CFU Oligosaccharides 5 Billion CFU Aspergillus Oryzae 5 Billion CFU Torulopsis with Vitamin C 5 Billion CFU Composition Distinction FAQ Additional Info FAQ Content coming soon! Dosage & Application Content coming soon! Additional Info Content coming soon! Related Products Bioprol Tcare Sanifresh Respotract Layerpro Heptomax Bromax Ginex Breatheeze Glide Pro Viral Guard More Products Resources Read all

Chaetomium cupreum is a filamentous ascomycete fungus known for its biocontrol and biodegradation capabilities. It suppresses plant pathogens like Fusarium through antifungal metabolites and contributes to organic matter recycling via lignocellulose degradation. Its production of hydrolytic enzymes highlights its potential in sustainable agriculture and industrial biotechnology. < Microbial Species Chaetomium cupreum Chaetomium cupreum is a filamentous ascomycete fungus known for its biocontrol and biodegradation capabilities. It suppresses plant pathogens like Fusarium through antifungal metabolites and contributes to organic matter recycling via lignocellulose degradation. Its production of hydrolytic enzymes highlights its potential in sustainable agriculture and industrial biotechnology. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Organic Matter Decomposition Facilitates the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, enhancing nutrient availability for plants and improving soil structure. Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) Induces systemic resistance in plants against pathogens, thereby reducing the need for chemical pesticides and promoting sustainable farming. Disease Suppression Effectively suppresses diseases like damping-off and root rot in various crops, contributing to improved plant health and yield. Biocontrol Agent Chaetomium cupreum acts as a biocontrol agent, inhibiting the growth of plant pathogens such as Fusarium and Rhizoctonia through antagonistic mechanisms. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Target pests: Phytophthora nicotianae root rot in citrus, anthracnose of coffee Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Wettable Powder: 2 x 10⁶ CFU per gram Foliar Application: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation): 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation) for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 Kg, Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Foliar application for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 Kg, Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Soluble Powder: 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram Foliar Application: 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation): 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation) for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg, Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Foliar Application for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg, Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Soil Application Method Mix at recommended doses with compost and apply at early life stages of crop along with other biofertilizers. Mix Chaetomium Cupreum at recommended doses in sufficient water and drench soil at early leaf stage / 2-4 leaf stage / early crop life cycle. Drip Irrigation: If there are insoluble particles, filter the solution and add to drip tank. For long duration crops / Perennial / Orchard crops: Dissolve Chaetomium Cupreum at recommended doses in sufficient water and apply as a drenching spray near the root zone twice a year. It is recommended to have the first application before the onset of the main monsoon / rainfall / spring season and the second application after the main monsoon / rainfall / autumn / fall season. Foliar Application Method Foliar application to be done at early disease incidence. 1-2 follow-up sprays to be done at weekly intervals. Mix Chaetomium Cupreum at recommended doses in sufficient water and spray on foliage. Apply twice a year for long duration crops. It is recommended to have the first application before the onset of the main monsoon / rainfall / spring season and the second application after the main monsoon / rainfall / autumn / fall season. Note: Do not store Chaetomium Cupreum solution for more than 24 hours after mixing in water. FAQ Content coming soon! Sustainability Advantage Related Products Ampelomyces quisqualis Bacillus tequilensis Fusarium proliferatum Lactobacillus plantarum Pediococcus pentosaceus Pseudomonas spp. Trichoderma harzianum Trichoderma spp. More Products Resources Read all

Thiobacillus novellus, an effective inoculant that oxidizes sulfur, enhancing nutrient availability for plants while supporting bioremediation in contaminated soils. < Microbial Species Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus novellus, an effective inoculant that oxidizes sulfur, enhancing nutrient availability for plants while supporting bioremediation in contaminated soils. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Enhances Root Development: Stimulates stronger root systems in crops, leading to improved nutrient uptake and plant resilience, even in degraded soils. Soil Health Improvement: Promotes healthier soil ecosystems by supporting microbial activity, which benefits plant nutrient absorption and overall soil quality. Bioremediation of Contaminated Soils: Assists in the breakdown of pollutants, contributing to the detoxification of contaminated agricultural soils and industrial waste areas. Sulfur Oxidation for Nutrient Availability: Enhances sulfur oxidation in soil, making sulfur more available for plants, improving growth and crop yield. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Scientific literature describes Thiobacillus novellus as a sulfur-oxidizing, facultatively chemolithoautotrophic bacterium capable of using reduced sulfur compounds as energy sources. It has also been studied for mixotrophic growth, where both inorganic sulfur compounds and organic carbon sources may contribute to microbial metabolism. Research on Thiobacillus-related sulfur-oxidizing bacteria highlights their importance in sulfur cycling, sulfate formation, soil nutrient transformation, bioremediation, bioleaching, and industrial biotechnology. These microbial processes are valuable in agriculture because sulfur oxidation can help convert reduced or elemental sulfur into plant-available sulfate, supporting crop nutrition and soil biological activity. In scientific taxonomy, Thiobacillus novellus has also been referenced under updated classifications such as Starkeya novella . However, the name Thiobacillus novellus is still commonly used in agricultural, industrial, and commercial microbial product contexts. Mode of Action Thiobacillus novellus works mainly through biological sulfur oxidation. As a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, it helps convert reduced sulfur compounds into more oxidized forms, including sulfate, which is the main sulfur form absorbed by plant roots. In the soil, sulfur may be present in elemental, organic, or reduced mineral forms that are not always immediately available to crops. Thiobacillus novellus supports the microbial transformation of these sulfur sources, helping improve sulfur availability in the rhizosphere. This can support better plant nutrition, enzyme function, chlorophyll formation, protein synthesis, oilseed quality, and overall crop performance. The activity of Thiobacillus novellus also contributes to improved soil biological function. By participating in sulfur cycling, it supports nutrient transformation, microbial balance, and soil fertility. In contaminated or degraded environments, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria may also contribute to bioremediation processes by supporting the transformation of certain inorganic compounds and improving microbial activity in stressed soils. Beyond agriculture, Thiobacillus novellus is studied in microbial applications such as bioleaching, biomachining, and industrial biotechnology. In these systems, the bacterium’s ability to oxidize sulfur compounds and participate in biochemical surface reactions can be used to support controlled biological processing of materials. For agricultural use, Thiobacillus novellus performs best when applied with organic manure, compost, seed treatment slurries, soil amendments, or irrigation water under suitable moisture, aeration, and soil conditions. Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment : Coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Thiobacillus Novellus and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. Seedling Treatment : Dip the seedlings into a mixture of 100 grams Thiobacillus Novellus and sufficient water. Soil Treatment : Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Thiobacillus Novellus with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Irrigation : Mix 3 kg per acre of Thiobacillus Novellus in a sufficient amount of water and run into the drip lines. FAQ What is Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus is a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium used in agriculture, soil health, bioremediation, and industrial microbial applications. It supports the conversion of reduced sulfur compounds into plant-available sulfate and contributes to biological nutrient cycling in soil. Is Thiobacillus a type of bacteria? Yes. Thiobacillus is a group of bacteria historically known for sulfur oxidation. These bacteria are generally associated with the transformation of reduced sulfur compounds into sulfate or other oxidized sulfur forms. Some species formerly classified as Thiobacillus have been reclassified into other genera as microbial taxonomy has improved. What are the growth factor requirements of Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus generally requires a suitable sulfur source, mineral nutrients, moisture, and appropriate environmental conditions for growth. It can use reduced sulfur compounds such as thiosulfate as energy sources under chemolithotrophic growth conditions. It has also been studied under heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions using organic carbon sources such as simple sugars or amino acids, while reduced sulfur sources can support its sulfur metabolism. For practical agricultural activity, the most important conditions are adequate soil moisture, aeration, suitable temperature, compatible organic matter, and access to sulfur-containing substrates. What is the role of Thiobacillus in agriculture and soil health? Thiobacillus-related bacteria play an important role in the sulfur cycle. In agriculture, they help oxidize sulfur into sulfate, the form plants can absorb. This supports sulfur nutrition, improves nutrient availability, contributes to rhizosphere activity, and can help maintain healthier soil microbial processes. What is the role of Thiobacillus novellus? The main role of Thiobacillus novellus is to participate in sulfur oxidation and biological nutrient transformation. In agricultural systems, it supports sulfur availability and soil fertility. In environmental and industrial systems, it may support bioremediation, bioleaching, biomachining, and other microbial processes where sulfur metabolism is useful. What are the main uses of Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus is used or studied for several applications, including: Sulfur oxidation in soil Sulfur biofertilizer formulations Soil health improvement Improved sulfate availability for crops Bioremediation of contaminated soils Bioleaching and mineral processing support Biomachining research Industrial biotechnology and microbial process development How does Thiobacillus novellus support biological processes? Thiobacillus novellus supports biological processes by oxidizing reduced sulfur compounds and participating in sulfur cycling. This microbial activity can help release sulfate, influence soil chemistry, support nutrient transformation, and contribute to biological processes used in agriculture, environmental remediation, and industrial biotechnology. Why is Thiobacillus novellus important in microbial applications? Thiobacillus novellus is important because it can function in sulfur-based microbial processes. Its ability to oxidize sulfur compounds makes it relevant for soil fertility, bioremediation, bioleaching, biomachining, and industrial biotechnology. It is also valuable because it can grow under different metabolic conditions, including chemolithotrophic and mixotrophic environments. Is Thiobacillus novellus useful for industrial biotechnology? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus is useful in industrial biotechnology research because sulfur-oxidizing bacteria can support controlled biological transformations. These applications may include bioleaching, biomachining, wastewater-related processes, mineral processing, and environmental biotechnology. How is Thiobacillus novellus used in the biomachining process? In biomachining, microorganisms are used to support controlled material removal from metal surfaces through biological and biochemical reactions. Thiobacillus novellus has been studied for biomachining because sulfur-oxidizing microbial activity can influence surface reactions and support controlled processing of certain materials. In this context, the bacterium is not used as a crop input, but as a biological tool in precision material-processing research. What is the difference between Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus? Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus are both bacterial groups, but they are used for different microbial functions. Pseudomonas species are commonly known as rhizosphere bacteria with strong roles in plant growth promotion, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, biocontrol, and root colonization. Thiobacillus-related bacteria are mainly known for sulfur oxidation and sulfur cycling. Their key agricultural role is to help convert sulfur into plant-available sulfate and support soil nutrient transformation. In simple terms, Pseudomonas is often associated with root-zone growth promotion and biocontrol, while Thiobacillus is mainly associated with sulfur oxidation, soil sulfur availability, and environmental microbial processes. Is Thiobacillus novellus a sulfur-solubilizing bacterium? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus is commonly positioned as a sulfur-solubilizing or sulfur-oxidizing bacterium. Its biological activity helps convert sulfur compounds into more plant-available forms, especially sulfate. How does Thiobacillus novellus improve sulfur availability? Thiobacillus novellus improves sulfur availability by oxidizing reduced sulfur compounds in the soil. This process helps form sulfate, which plant roots can absorb and use for growth, protein synthesis, enzyme activity, and crop quality development. Why is sulfur important for plants? Sulfur is essential for amino acid formation, protein synthesis, enzyme activity, chlorophyll development, oil formation in oilseed crops, and overall plant metabolism. Crops with higher sulfur demand, such as oilseeds, pulses, brassicas, onion, garlic, cereals, and legumes, may benefit from improved sulfur availability. Which crops can benefit from Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus can be used in cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops, sugar crops, forage crops, plantation crops, vegetables, fruits, spices, flowers, medicinal crops, aromatic crops, orchards, and ornamentals. How is Thiobacillus novellus applied in agriculture? Thiobacillus novellus can be applied through seed coating, seed treatment, seedling treatment, soil treatment, and irrigation. It may be mixed with organic manure, compost, organic fertilizers, or sufficient water depending on the application method. Can Thiobacillus novellus be used for seed treatment? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus can be used as a seed treatment. A typical method is to prepare a slurry with the microbial product, crude sugar, and sufficient water, then coat the seeds evenly before sowing. Can Thiobacillus novellus be applied through irrigation? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus can be applied through irrigation or drip systems when the formulation is suitable and well dispersed in water. Use clean water and avoid mixing with harsh chemical inputs that may reduce microbial viability. Can Thiobacillus novellus be mixed with chemical fertilizers? Thiobacillus novellus is generally more suitable for use with organic manure, organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, biopesticides, and plant growth-promoting inputs. Direct mixing with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides is not recommended unless compatibility has been confirmed. Is Thiobacillus novellus useful in bioremediation? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus can support bioremediation processes by contributing to microbial transformation in contaminated or degraded soils. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are studied for their role in environmental biotechnology, mineral transformation, and remediation of stressed soil systems. Is Thiobacillus novellus the same as Acidithiobacillus? No. Thiobacillus and Acidithiobacillus are related in the sense that both include sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, but they are not the same. Acidithiobacillus species are often strongly acidophilic and are widely studied in bioleaching and acid mine drainage environments. Thiobacillus novellus is commonly described as a facultative sulfur-oxidizing bacterium with broader metabolic flexibility. Does Thiobacillus novellus help with soil pH? Sulfur oxidation can influence soil chemistry because the oxidation of sulfur compounds may contribute to acidification under certain conditions. This can be useful in some alkaline soils, but application should be managed carefully according to soil type, sulfur source, crop requirement, and agronomic recommendations. How should Thiobacillus novellus be stored? Store Thiobacillus novellus in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. Keep the package sealed when not in use and avoid exposure to harsh storage conditions. Proper storage helps maintain microbial viability until application. What is the shelf life of Thiobacillus novellus? The product is generally stable within one year from the date of manufacturing when stored under recommended conditions. Shelf life depends on formulation quality, packaging, temperature, humidity, and handling. Why choose Thiobacillus novellus for soil and crop applications? Thiobacillus novellus is valuable because it supports sulfur oxidation, improves sulfur availability, contributes to soil biological activity, and can be used in different application methods such as seed treatment, soil application, and irrigation. It is a practical microbial input for sulfur nutrition, soil health, and sustainable nutrient management. Sustainability Advantage Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all

Azotobacter vinelandii is a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium that supports crop growth by helping convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms plants can use. Because it works in the root zone without requiring a legume host, it is especially useful for non-leguminous crops such as cereals, vegetables, maize, sugarcane, and other field crops. By improving biological nitrogen availability in the soil, Azotobacter vinelandii can help support healthier root development, stronger plant vigour, better nutrient efficiency, and more sustainable nitrogen management. < Microbial Species Azotobacter vinelandii Azotobacter vinelandii is a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium that supports crop growth by helping convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms plants can use. Because it works in the root zone without requiring a legume host, it is especially useful for non-leguminous crops such as cereals, vegetables, maize, sugarcane, and other field crops. By improving biological nitrogen availability in the soil, Azotobacter vinelandii can help support healthier root development, stronger plant vigour, better nutrient efficiency, and more sustainable nitrogen management. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Biocontrol Activity It exhibits biocontrol activity against various plant pathogens, thereby reducing disease incidence and promoting healthier plant growth. Production of Growth-Promoting Substances It produces growth-promoting substances such as vitamins, auxins, and gibberellins, which stimulate plant growth and development. Nitrogen Fixation Azotobacter vinelandii converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is readily available for plant uptake, thereby enhancing plant growth and reducing the need for nitrogen fertilizers. Phosphate Solubilization Azotobacter vinelandii solubilizes insoluble phosphates in the soil, making phosphorus more accessible to plants, thereby improving their nutrient uptake and growth. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Aasfar, A., Bargaz, A., Yaakoubi, K., Hilali, A., Bennis, I., & Zeroual, Y. (2021). Nitrogen fixing Azotobacter species as potential soil biological enhancers for crop nutrition and yield stability . Frontiers in Microbiology, 12 , 628379. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628379 Frontiers: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628379/full Setubal, J. C., dos Santos, P., Goldman, B. S., Ertesvåg, H., Espin, G., Rubio, L. M., Valla, S., Almeida, N. F., Balasubramanian, D., Cromes, L., Curatti, L., Du, Z., Godsy, E., Goodner, B., Hellner-Burris, K., Hernandez, J. A., Houmiel, K., Imperial, J., Kennedy, C., … Wood, D. (2009). Genome sequence of Azotobacter vinelandii , an obligate aerobe specialized to support diverse anaerobic metabolic processes . Journal of Bacteriology, 191 (14), 4534–4545. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00504-09 PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19429624/ Curatti, L., Brown, C. S., Ludden, P. W., & Rubio, L. M. (2005). Genes required for rapid expression of nitrogenase activity in Azotobacter vinelandii . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102 (18), 6291–6296. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0501216102 PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15845769/ Hill, S., Austin, S., Eydmann, T., Jones, T., & Dixon, R. (1996). Azotobacter vinelandii NIFL is a flavoprotein that modulates transcriptional activation of nitrogen-fixation genes via a redox-sensitive switch. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93 (5), 2143–2148. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.5.2143 PubMed search: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Azotobacter+vinelandii+NIFL+flavoprotein Howard, J. B., & Rees, D. C. (2006). How many metals does it take to fix N₂? A mechanistic overview of biological nitrogen fixation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103 (46), 17088–17093. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0603978103 PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17088547/ Mode of Action 1. Biological Nitrogen Fixation Azotobacter vinelandii is a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium that helps convert atmospheric nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonium (NH₄⁺), a form that can be used by plants and soil microorganisms. Unlike symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria that require a legume host, A. vinelandii can function independently in the rhizosphere. This makes it especially valuable for non-leguminous crops such as maize, cereals, vegetables, sugarcane, and other field crops. A key advantage of A. vinelandii is that it contains multiple nitrogenase systems, including molybdenum-, vanadium-, and iron-dependent nitrogenases. This gives the bacterium flexibility to continue supporting nitrogen fixation under different soil and environmental conditions. Agronomic benefit: Supports biological nitrogen availability, improves nutrient efficiency, and helps reduce complete dependence on synthetic nitrogen inputs. 2. Phosphate Solubilization Phosphorus is often present in soil but locked in insoluble forms that plant roots cannot easily absorb. Azotobacter vinelandii can help release bound phosphorus by producing organic acids such as gluconic and citric acids. These organic acids help dissolve mineral-bound phosphates and convert them into more available forms in the root zone. Agronomic benefit: Improves phosphorus availability, supports root development, and helps crops make better use of existing soil phosphorus and applied phosphate fertilizers. 3. Natural Plant Growth Promotion Azotobacter vinelandii supports plant growth not only through nitrogen fixation, but also by producing natural growth-promoting compounds that influence root and shoot development. These may include: Auxins — support lateral root development and root branching. Gibberellins — support seed germination, shoot elongation, and early crop vigour. Cytokinins — support cell division, leaf expansion, and balanced vegetative growth. Agronomic benefit: Encourages stronger early establishment, better root architecture, improved nutrient uptake, and more vigorous crop development. 4. Rhizosphere Protection and Biocontrol Support Azotobacter vinelandii can contribute to a healthier rhizosphere by producing siderophores, which are natural iron-binding compounds. By binding iron in the root zone, siderophores can reduce the availability of iron to competing or harmful soil microorganisms. Some strains may also produce antifungal metabolites that help suppress soil-borne pathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii . Agronomic benefit: Supports a more balanced root-zone microbiome and may help reduce pressure from selected soil-borne pathogens as part of an integrated crop management program. 5. Improved Stress Tolerance Azotobacter vinelandii can help plants perform better under challenging growing conditions by supporting root health, nutrient uptake, and microbial activity in the rhizosphere. Its stress-support mechanisms may include: Exopolysaccharide production — helps improve moisture retention and root-zone protection. Enhanced antioxidant activity — supports plant defence against oxidative stress through enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and POD. Improved nutrient uptake — helps maintain crop performance under drought, salinity, and heavy metal stress. Support for photosynthetic efficiency — helps plants maintain growth activity under suboptimal conditions. Agronomic benefit: Helps crops maintain stronger growth, root function, and nutrient efficiency under environmental stress. Through nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, natural growth promotion, rhizosphere protection, and stress-support mechanisms, Azotobacter vinelandii acts as a multifunctional biological input for modern agriculture. It is particularly useful in non-leguminous cropping systems where improved nitrogen efficiency, root development, soil fertility, and crop resilience are key priorities. Additional Info Storage Conditions: Store in a cool (5–25°C), dry place away from direct sunlight. Do not freeze. Keep container tightly sealed after use. Shelf Life: When stored under recommended conditions, the product remains viable for up to 12 months. Soil pH Compatibility: Functions best in neutral to slightly alkaline soils (pH 6.8–8.0). In acidic soils, pre-application of lime or incorporation of organic matter may improve efficacy. Crop Compatibility: Suitable for a broad spectrum of crops including cereals, legumes, vegetables, oilseeds, and plantation crops. Input Integration: Compatible with organic fertilizers, bio-composts, and other microbial inoculants. Avoid co-application with chemical pesticides unless verified safe. Dosage & Application Recommended field dosage (soil / root‑zone) Use the following rates for root‑zone applications. Select the rate that matches the CFU strength stated on your product label. Product strength (CFU/g) Recommended rate per hectare Recommended rate per acre 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g 2.5 kg/ha 1.0 kg/ac 1 × 10⁹ CFU/g 250 g/ha 100 g/ac 1 × 10¹⁰ CFU/g 25 g/ha 10 g/ac These rates are designed so that different product strengths deliver a similar total number of spores per hectare to the root zone, supporting consistent biological performance across formulations. Soil / Root‑Zone Treatment Target Apply to the soil surface over the seed row or root zone, so that the product can colonize the rhizosphere and protect roots against soil‑borne pathogens while promoting root growth and plant vigor. Timing In‑furrow at sowing or at transplanting. An early post‑emergence soil drench (for example, from emergence to the 4‑leaf stage), directed to the base of the plants Water volume and coverage Apply the recommended product rate in 200–800 L of water per hectare (20–80 gallons per acre), depending on sprayer setup, soil conditions and crop residue. Use enough water to achieve even coverage of the soil surface and to move the suspension into the root zone Mixing and agitation Fill the spray tank to about half of the required water volume with clean water. Pre‑mix the required amount of product in a small volume of water and agitate until fully dissolved. With the tank agitation running, slowly add this concentrate to the spray tank. Continue filling the tank with water to the final volume while maintaining agitation. Agitate for 5–15 minutes to ensure spores are fully dispersed and keep gentle agitation running throughout application. Use clean, non‑chlorinated or low‑chlorine water. Avoid very hot, highly saline or strongly alkaline water. Seed Treatment Our microbial products can be used as a seed coating to place beneficial organisms directly on the seed surface, ensuring rapid colonization of the emerging root and strong early growth. Recommended rates (per kg of seed) 1 × 10¹⁰ CFU/g: 1 g/kg seed 1 × 10⁹ CFU/g: 3–5 g/kg seed 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g: 100 g/kg seed Apply as a dry or slurry coating in a suitable mixer to achieve a thin, even, free‑flowing layer on all seeds, using clean, non‑chlorinated water if a slurry is prepared. Treat only the quantity of seed that will be planted within about 24 hours and store coated seed in a cool, dry, shaded place. Note: These rates are general guidance. The optimal dosage can vary with seed size, seed surface area, crop species and treating equipment, so always follow product‑specific recommendations or contact us for tailored advice Because some chemical seed treatments can reduce viability of microbial spores, avoid mixing directly with fungicidal dressings unless compatibility has been confirmed; in many programs, Trichoderma is applied as a separate or final layer. Drip Irrigation / Fertigation General guidance Apply the same per‑hectare dose as in the soil treatment table (adjusted for CFU strength), divided into one or more fertigations during the early growth stages. Product strength (CFU/g) Recommended rate per hectare Recommended rate per acre 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g 2.5 kg/ha 1.0 kg/ac 1 × 10⁹ CFU/g 250 g/ha 100 g/ac 1 × 10¹⁰ CFU/g 25 g/ha 10 g/ac Pre‑mix the required amount of product in a bucket of water to make a concentrate, then inject this through the fertigation system so spores are carried into the active root zone . System considerations The suspension will generally pass through standard drip filters, but where possible apply after sand filters and ensure filters and drippers are clean before treatment. Apply all of the prepared solution to the root zone within 12-24 hours FAQ Can Azotobacter vinelandii completely replace chemical nitrogen fertilizers? While it significantly reduces nitrogen fertilizer requirements, best results are obtained when integrated with reduced or organic nitrogen sources as part of an integrated nutrient management (INM) strategy. In which types of soil does it perform best? It is most effective in well-drained, neutral to slightly alkaline soils. In acidic or saline soils, performance may improve with amendments such as lime, gypsum, or organic matter. Can it protect against plant diseases? Yes. A. vinelandii suppresses soil-borne pathogens through the production of siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, and antifungal compounds, providing a natural disease defense mechanism. How does it help crops during drought conditions? By enhancing root growth and activating antioxidant defense pathways, it increases water-use efficiency and protects plant cells from oxidative damage, improving overall drought tolerance. What is the recommended timing and frequency of application? Initial application should coincide with sowing or transplanting. For high-value or long-duration crops, repeat applications via drip or foliar spray may be carried out every 30–45 days to maintain microbial populations. Is it safe for the environment and human health? Yes. A. vinelandii is a naturally occurring, non-pathogenic bacterium that poses no known risk to humans, animals, or the environment. It aligns with global principles of organic and regenerative agriculture. Sustainability Advantage Related Products Acetobacter xylinum Azospirillum brasilense Azospirillum lipoferum Azospirillum spp. Beijerinckia indica Bradyrhizobium elkanii Bradyrhizobium japonicum Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus More Products Resources Read all